RESPONSE OF TWO WHEAT CULTIVARS TO ROW SPACING AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION LEVELS UNDER RECLAIMED SANDY SOILS
Mohamed
Hendawi
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
author
text
article
2011
eng
Two field experiments were carried out in a private farm at Wadi El-Mollak region, Abo-Hammad District, Sharkia Governorate, during two winter seasons [2007/ 2008 and 2008/2009] in à reclamid sandy soil. This study aimed to invstigate the response of two wheat cultivars [ Giza168 and Sakha 93] to row spacing (12,15 and 18 cm between rows] and nitrogen fertilization levels [50, 70, 90 and 110 kgN/fad]. The split-split plot design with four replicates was followed.
The important findings of this study could be summarized as follows:
Wheat cultivars under this study differed significantly in the most of their studied characters. Sakha 93 cv was superior than Giza 168 one in grain yield in t/fad. The obtained results showed that the average values of plant height (cm), number of tillers/ plant, leaf area cm2/plant, flag leaf area(cm2), spike length (cm), number of grains/ spike and 1000- grain weight(g) increased significantly with increasing row spacing from 12 to 18 cm, but mortality%, number of spikes/m2, grain yield and straw yield in t/ fad were decreased.
Growth characters, yield and its components were increased significantly due to increasing nitrogen fertilization level from 50 up to110kgN/fad, meantime the mortality of tillers% was decreased with increasing the applied N levels to90kgN/fad. The significant interaction effect between the studied factors indicated that. The highest grain yield could be scored, when the plants grown at 12cm row spacing received 90kgN/fad.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
16
v.
2
no.
2011
135
145
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42434_0894cd4a391d30cfa16843716deb1bad.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2011.42434
RURAL YOUNG’S LABOURATION IN THE NEW MAKING AREAS BETWEEN THE HOPS AND THE PROCEEDING (FIELD STUDY AT SHARKIA GOVERNORATE )
Mohamed
Ebrahem
Agricultural Extension & Rural Development Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2011
eng
Study aims at recognizing on some personal characters of rural young’s which work in the new marking areas and on important hops of them from the working ‚ and on proceeding marks which face young’s . and recognizing on the reasons of acceptance some rural young’s .to working in the new making areas .and on rejection reasons the another’s some to working in these areas.
Study was done in Asher men Ramadan City at Sharkia Governorate on sample of rural young’ s which work in the city (120respondents) from age (16 – 35 your). Data were collected from respondents by questionnaire with personal meeting through tow mouth November and December 2010.
Results of the study revealed that :
55.8% from respondents has middle qualifications .and 19.2% has high qualifications
63.4% from respondents suffer today from the travel tiring (average 4 hours ).
The important hopes of respondents are : assistance the family on getting life necessity with frequencies 54.2%
The important proceeding marks the respondents are that the majority (80.9%)get low incomes insufficient to getting life necessity
The important reason of accepting some rural young’s to working in the new making areas are : that young’s hungry to work chance . that is with frequencies 49.2% .and the important reason of rejection some rural young’s to working in the new making in the new making areas are : that the income unsuitable to working house .that is with frequencies 63.3%
Study recommend with : increasing worker income Agreeable with the number of working hours. And assurance on workers . and necessary the government following shapes to this
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
16
v.
2
no.
2011
147
162
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42435_57b2f8a94d86a7ff68a86268f1931ae6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2011.42435
EFFECT OF SOME NATURAL FEED ADDITIVES ON PERFORMANCE OF LAYING HENS
Ibrahim
Azazi
Animal Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
author
Mohamed
Nasr-Alla
Animal Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
author
Ibrahim
Assaf
Animal Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
author
Saied
Attia
Animal Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2011
eng
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of varying dietary natural feed additives sources and levels during the laying period, elapsed between 24-31 weeks of age on the performance of Inshas Layers. Two hundred and ten 24 weeks old Inshas laying hens were used in this study. Birds were randomly distributed into 7 comparable groups, 30 hens each. Each group was fed one of the 7 experimental diet during the experimental periods. Experimental treatments included two dietary levels of sodium calcium aluminosilicate, sodium bentonite and tafla (0.25 and 0.50%) and control diet (0.0%).
Results revealed that the highest average egg weight, lowest feed intake and better feed conversion values recorded for layers fed 0.50% dietary were sodium bentonite at the end of the experimental period as compared with those of the control and other treatments. On the other hand there were no significant effect for dietary natural feed additives the sources and levels treatments on body weight, gain, egg production, egg mass and egg number of layers as compared with the control treatment.
There were no significant influence of natural clays supplementation in Inshas hen diets on yolk index, shell thickness, albumin weight (%) and shell weight (%) during the experimental period, while there were significant effect (P ≤ 0.05) on egg shape index at 25, 27 and 31 weeks of age, Haugh units at 25 and 27 weeks of age and Yolk weight (%) at 25 weeks of age.
Dietary feed additives sources and levels treatments had no significant effect on characteristics of Layers at the end of experimental periods.
In conclusion, results showed that addition of 0.50% sodium bentonite in Inshas laying hens diets has improved productive, reproductive performance and economical return.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
16
v.
2
no.
2011
163
176
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42436_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2011.42436
ROLE OF DRIED PURSLANE LEAVES MEAL AND ESSENTIAL PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN LAYING HEN DIETS IN REDUCING CHOLSTEROL BIOSYNTHESIS
Momtaz
Shehata
Animal Production Research Institute, A.R.C., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
author
Raga
Abd El-Krim
Animal Production Research Institute, A.R.C., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2011
eng
The aim of this study was to explain the cholesterol-lowering mechanism of dietary dried purslane leaves meal and essential phospholipids in egg-yolk and hen muscle tissues. Seventy two Inshas laying hens were randomly divided into 4 groups (3 replicate pens of 6 hens each) housed individually in one cage. Birds were fed from 28 to 40 weeks of age, either the control diet (based on corn-soybean meal) or the control diet with 10% purslane leaves meal with or without 450 mg essential phospholipids (EPL) /kg diet. Feed and water were offered ad libitum, feed intake, feed egg mass ratio, egg number and egg weight were recorded weekly. Birds were injected at 11th week of the experiment with Sheep Red Blood Cells (SRBC's) for immune test. At end of the experiment, sensory evaluation of hard boiled eggs was conducted for teste and flavor evaluation, cholesterol levels in each of egg-yolk, liver breast, thigh muscles and serum were determined. The activity of the rate-limiting enzymes in cholesterol biosynthesis was also determined. Four birds/group were slaughtered for sampling analysis.
Results obtained showed that feeding laying hens on 10% purslane leaves supplemented diet produced the best values of egg production, egg number, egg mass and feed conversion compared with the other dietary treatment groups. Dried purslane leaves, EPL and purslane + EPL diets decreased (P<0.05) serum total lipids by 3.05, 6.55 and 9.40% ; serum cholesterol by 16.74, 23.25 and 29.30% and serum triglycerides by 6.72, 8.93 and 14.55%, while, serum high density lipoprotein was significantly (P<0.05) increased by 5.35, 6.96 and 8.48%, respectively, and hens fed 10% purslane leaves diet increased (P<0.05) serum low density lipoprotein by 3.06% compared with the control group. Moreover, no significant effects were observed on serum AST and ALT as well as taste and flavor of hard boiled eggs at end of the experimental period. Antibody response to SRBC's and leucocytes (WBC's) and lymphocytes counts were increased (P<0.05) by feeding the purslane diets. Cholsterol level was decreased (P<0.05) by feeding purslane or purslane + ELP diets, in thigh, breast, liver, yolk and serum and this decrease (P<0.05) was more pronounced by feeding the purslane + EPL diet.
Supplementation of purslane or EPL to the laying hen diets significantly (P<0.05) decreased the relative weight of liver and oviduct. Abdominal fat percentage of groups while bile volume of gall bladder was significantly (P<0.05) increased compared with the control group. The activity of the rate-limiting enzymes in cholesterol biosynthesis, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase was suppressed (P<0.05) by feeding purslane or EPL and purslane + EPL diets. Fatty acid synthetase activity was not significantly affected by dietary treatment groups. Both purslane and EPL diets reduced cholesterol -7-a-hydroxylase activity.
This study indicates that purslane and EPL inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis by a similar mechanism.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
16
v.
2
no.
2011
177
199
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42437_0fc89ce3413fd7a6bf069263e07bb58d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2011.42437
GENETIC COMPONENTS OF SOME TRAITS IN EGGPLANT THROUGH DIALLEL ANALYSIS
Abd el meniem
Gad
Hort. Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
author
El- metwally
El- Ghamriny
Hort. Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
author
Hany
Ismail
Hort. Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
author
Hany
Zyada
Hort. Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
author
text
article
2011
eng
Five parents of eggplant were crossed in a diallel cross system; i.e., SBI-1.1 (P1), SBI-3.3 (P2), SBI-10.13 (P3), SBI-11.14 (P4), and VS.1.13.19.1 Spain (P5), at El-Khattara Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University in 2005-2006 and evaluated in 2008 to study genetic components for some eggplant traits; i.e., plant height, branch number /plant, early fruit number, fruit weight / fruit in early yield, early yield / plant, total fruit number, fruit weight / fruit in total yield and total yield / plant.
The results reflected insignificant t2 for all the studied traits, except early yield/plant which t2 was significant. By inspection, t2 was found insignificant after removing P4. For all the studied traits, the estimates of D, H 1 and H 2 were significant for all these traits.
Asymmetrical gene distribution was observed, except total yield which had symmetrical gene distribution (0.25). For total yield, complete dominance was found to control this trait, and the dominance is isodirectional.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
16
v.
2
no.
2011
201
222
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42438_d3abd2ced25e5a5fe738a9cdc8107bd5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2011.42438
GROWTH, PRODUCTIVITY AND SULPHUR USE EFFICIENCY OF GARLIC PLANTS GROWN IN SANDY SOIL AS AFFECTED BY FARMYARD MANURE AND SULPHUR
Abdallah
Bardisi
Hort. Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
Hany
Ismail
Hort. Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
Dalia
Nawar
Hort. Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
text
article
2011
eng
This experiment was carried out during two successive winter seasons of 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 at EL-Khattara Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Sharkia Governorate, to study the effect of farmyard manure (FYM), elemental sulphur (S) and their interactions on growth, plant chemical composition and yield and its components as well as sulphur use efficiency (SUE) of garlic plants under sandy soil conditions.
Addition of 30 m3FYM / fed. recorded maximum values of total dry weight / plant, chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll (a+b) , N, P and K uptakes by different plant organs and total uptake by plant, yields of grades 1 and 2, exportable , marketable and total yield/fed. as well as average bulb weight of garlic plants.
Obtained results indicated that application of S at the rate of 200 kg /fed. recorded maximum values of dry weight of roots, bulb, leaves and total / plant, total uptake of N, P and K by plant, yields of grades1, 2 exportable , marketable and total yield/fed as well as average bulb weight of garlic plants, whereas S at 100 Kg/fed increased chlorophyll a,b and total (a+b) in leaf tissues and sulfur use efficiency.
The interaction between FYM at the rate of 30 m3/fed. 200 kg S/fed. significantly increased total dry weight / plant , P content in roots, N and P in bulb and N,P and K contents in leaves, uptakes of N,P and K by roots, bulb and leaves as well as total uptakes of N,P and K by plant, yields of grades 1,2 and 3, exportable , marketable and total yield/fed., as well as, average bulb weight, whereas the interaction between FYM at 20 m3/ fed and S at 100 Kg /fed increased sulpher use efficiency.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
16
v.
2
no.
2011
223
246
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42439_bb510ecc9a25ba83fa9c95aa97ec15b8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2011.42439
INFLUENCE OF AFRICAN CATFISH (Clarias gariepinus) AS A PREDATOR CONTROL INTERACTION AND BAMBOO POLES SUBSTRATE ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND PRODUCTION OF THE MONO-SEX, MIXED-SEX NILE TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus) AND COMMON CARP (Cyprinus carpio) IN SEMI-INTENSIVE POLYCULTURE POND SYSTEM
Mohsien
Hussein
Department of Animal Production ( Fish Production), Faculty of Agriculture, Al-
Azhar University, Egypt.
author
text
article
2011
eng
Experiments were conducted to assess the effects of African catfish (C. gariepinus) as a predator control interaction for unwanted tilapia offspring in a polyculture system and bamboo poles as substrate for periphyton development, on growth performance and production of the mono-sex , mixed -sex Nile tilapia (O. niloticus)and common carp (C. carpio) in semi-intensive polyculture pond system over a period of 150 days supplemented with wheat bran. Control and three treatments were tested using twelive 200 m2 earthen ponds randomly applied as follow:
Control : ponds stocked with 400 mixed sex Nile tilapia (1:1) + 200 common carp+100 catfish (without treatment).
(T1): ponds stocked with 400 male Nile tilapia+200 common carp+100 catfish +fertilization, supplementary feed and bamboo poles.
(T2): ponds stocked with 400 mixed sex Nile tilapia (1:1)+200 common carp+ fertilization , supplementary feed and bamboo poles .
(T3):ponds stocked with 400 mixed sex Nile tilapia+200 common carp+100 catfish+ fertilization , supplementary feed and bamboo poles
Fish were fed a wheat bran diet ration of 3% of body weight per day. Statistical analyses of the three replicates of control, T1, T2 and T3 indicated that growth performance and production were significantly higher for treatment (T1) in which male tilapia and catfish were stocked. Mixed-sex Tilapia production in polyculture without African catfish was significantly lower than the culture systems with either all male tilapia or mixed sex tilapia with catfish . The mean gross fish yield (kg/200m2) varied from 120.7 kg/pond for (control), 348.5 kg/ pond for (T1) , 208.8 kg /pond for (T2), and 301.1 kg/pond for (T3) . The study indicated that bamboo poles as substrate for periphyton , fertilization, supplementary feed and African catfish were a superior alternative to improve fish production under pond conditions. Water quality parameters variation in mean values were within acceptable ranges for fish culture. It could be concluded that T1 was the best in term of growth performance and economic evaluation .
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
16
v.
2
no.
2011
247
265
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42440_4d40b66c03024a15c240f9b1baf0fd78.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2011.42440
USING SOME OILS OF MEDICAL PLANTS IN DIETS OF RABBITS UNDER HOT CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
Momtaz
Shehata
PoultryNutrition Department, Animal Production Research Institute, AgricultureResearch Center, Egypt.
author
Saher
Osman
PoultryNutrition Department, Animal Production Research Institute, AgricultureResearch Center, Egypt.
author
Waheed
Ezzat
PoultryNutrition Department, Animal Production Research Institute, AgricultureResearch Center, Egypt.
author
Raga
Abd El-krim
PoultryNutrition Department, Animal Production Research Institute, AgricultureResearch Center, Egypt.
author
text
article
2011
eng
A completely random design of this experiment was conducted to evaluate rocket and onion oils or mixture of these oils in diets of NZW rabbits under climate summer conditions on their productive and reproductive performance traits. Digestibility coefficients and nutritive values, milk yield, some blood serum constitute and economic efficiency, semen characteristics of buck and their offspring performance were estimated.A total number of 48 NZW rabbit does (6 months old) and 12 bucks (6 month old) with nearly similar weights were divided at random into four groups (12 does and 3 bucks in each). Rabbits were fed either basal diets as control diet (G1) or control diet supplemented with either 1 g/kg diet of rocket oil (G2), onion oil (G3) or mixture of these oils (G4). The experiment prolonged during the hot summer conditions started in May to July, 2009. The experimental diet was isonitrogenous (CP=18.5%) and isocaloric (about 2401 kcal/kg DE).
Results showed that percentages of total unsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic were higher in onion oil than in rocket oil. The percentage of erucic fatty acid was higher in rocket oil than in onion oil. Does fed G2 diet recorded the highest (P<0.05) values of feed intake, final body ,weight, gain, conception rate, number of parturition, litter size, litter weight, litter weight gain at birth and at weaning. Digestibility coefficient of CP and EE and nutritive value expressed as DCP were the highest (P<0.05) with rabbits fed the rocket oil diet. Average daily milk yield during different lactation weeks and feed conversion ratio to milk production were the highest (P<0.05) for does fed rocket oil diet. However, does fed onion oil diet showed the highest (P<0.05) milk contents at most lactation weeks. Weight at weaning, weight gain and relative growth rate of bunnies were the highest (P<0.05) for does fed rocket oil diet. Mortality rate at birth and during the suckling period was the lowest (P<0.05) for bunnies of does fed onion oil diet. Does received rocket oil diet recorded the lowest (P ≤ 0.05) values of blood serum cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) followed by those fed mixture of rocket oil and onion oil. However, control group recorded the highest value. Most physical semen characteristics, including sperm cell concentration, and percentages of motility and dead spermatozoa were the best (P<0.05) for the buck rabbits fed rocket oil diet .Does received rocket oil diet recorded the highest net return and economic efficiency followed by those fed diet supplemented with onion oil or rocket oil plus onion oil.
Results of the experiment showed that addition of 1 g rocket oil /kg diet was more effective than other treatments for improving productive and reproductive performance traits, digestibility coefficients and nutritive values, milk yield of NZW doe and buck rabbits under hot climate of summer season in Egypt.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
16
v.
2
no.
2011
267
285
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42441_5abda0f4865828593954c90c89a86aa8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2011.42441
EFFECT OF DIETARY GINSENG SUPPLEMENTATION ON PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS FOR SINAI LAYER STRAIN
Ibrahim
Azazi
Poultry Nutrition Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.
author
Mostafa
Darwish
Poultry Breeding Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.
author
Essam
Abd El Hameid
Poultry Breeding Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.
author
Arafat
Habib
Poultry Breeding Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.
author
Yasser
Razik
Poultry Breeding Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2011
eng
A total number of 150 Sinai laying hens and 15 cocks 24 weeks of age were randomly distributed into three treatments, each containing 50 hens and five cocks in five replicates of 10 hens and one cock each. Ginseng was dietary supplemented with levels of 0, 150 mg and 300 mg/Kg of the diet, during the experimental period (24-48 weeks of age).
The overall results showed that there were no significant differences in body weight, weight gain, feed intake, egg shape index and yolk index values while, there were significant differences in egg production, egg mass, feed conversion, albumin%, shell% and Haugh unit values due to feeding laying hens on diets supplemented with ginseng as compared with the control diet, during the total experimental period (24-48 weeks of age). Also, there were an improvement in egg weight and shell thickness values due to feeding laying hens on diets supplemented with ginseng at early laying stage (24-32 weeks of age). While, at the periods 33-40, 41-48 and 24-48 weeks of age, data showed that there were no significant differences in the average values of either egg weight or shell thickness as compared with the control diet.
The results showed that there were no significant differences in blood profiles of total protein, albumin, globulin, LDL, glucose, AST, ALT phosphorus, T3 and testosterone values due to dietary supplementation with ginseng. Whereas there were significant differences in cholesterol and calcium values with increasing dietary ginseng supplementation level. Data showed that there were no significant differences in gizzard, liver and heart wt%. (relative to pre-slaughter weight), while, there were significant differences in carcass, giblets, dressing% (relative to pre-slaughter weight) as a result of dietary supplementation with ginseng. Semen quality was improved by supplementing ginseng to the layer diets as compared with the control diet also; fertility and hatchability percentages were significantly increased. Results showed an improvement in average values of net revenue, economical efficiency due to feeding laying hens on diets supplemented with ginseng.
In conclusion, results showed that supplementation of 300mg ginseng in Sinai laying hens diets improved laying hen performance; egg quality, some blood profiles, carcass characteristics semen characteristic, fertility, hatchability and economical efficiency.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
16
v.
2
no.
2011
287
305
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_44075_d7de35dddf1b35784b70e8b7839e80c6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2011.44075