COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF FERTILIZATION AND SUPPLEMENTARY FEED WITH RICE BRAN ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE ,WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS AND ECONOMIC RETURNS OF THE FISH UNDER POLYCULTURE PONDS
Mohsen
Hussein
Department of Animal Production (Fish Production),Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.
author
text
article
2010
eng
A polyculture experiment was carried out on the Tilapia species(Wild Oreochromis niloticus and Oreochromis aureus ),Common carp(Cyprinus carpio Ham.),gray mullet(Mugil cephalus ), Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitix) with the objectives to evaluate the effects of fertilizer types and rice bran (12.8% crude protein) as supplementary feed in fertilized ponds on growth performance in terms of average body weight (ABW), specific growth rate(SGR),feed conversation ratio(FCR) and total fish production of these fishes, water quality parameters and economic returns under polyculture in semi-intensive fish culture system supplemented with rice bran. Seven earthen ponds(each = 4200 m2 surface area) were randomly applied with no replicates. Each pond was stocked with 6000 wild Oreochromis Tilapia species,2000 Common carp,1000 gray mullet ,500 Grass carp and 500 silver carp. Four treated ponds were supplemented with rice bran at the rate of 5% of wet fish body weight daily and for a period of six months(180 days). In this experiment, all the experimental ponds received the same quantity of N and P but the sources were different as given in Table 2.treated ponds showed a significant increase (P<0.01) in fish production. Results showed that organic + inorganic fertilizers + rice bran as supplementary feed remained the best treatment for maximum net marketable fish production of 2855.2 ±22.92 kg/fed/180 days , while the net marketable fish production under the effect of T1 ,T2 , T3, T4 , T5 and T6 were found to be 2418.2 ±11.89 , 1558.8 ±19.63 ,1617.5 ±17.47, 2159.0 ±12.78, 2330.3 ±15.29and 2657.7 ±10.15 kg/fed/180 days , respectively .Thus for getting optimal fish production the fertilization of pond with supplementary feed is recommended. Results indicated that most of water quality parameters were influenced by fertilization type while supplementary feed had a little effect. Factor analysis demonstrated that four factors (Phytoplankton decomposition, Photosynthesis, chemical reactions and supplementary feed ) were responsible for more than 77% of the explained variability that affected all water quality variables.. All water quality parameters were in the proper range of the growth of all fish species used in this experiment. Results of tow-way ANOVA indicated that fertilizer type was effective than supplementary feed on water quality parameters. The (T7) had the highest average of water quality parameters and plankton densities(cells/m3)which led to the higher fish growth that received organic , inorganic and feed may be attributed to the increase in organic matter contents of this pond that may lead to consume natural food and release ammonia in a form of feces much greater than that in the other treatments. On the other hand, both of water temperature and pH were not affected neither by fertilizer type nor by supplementary feed. Both of total orthophosphate(PO4- mg/l) and total alkalinity had significantly higher concentrations when ponds treated with chemical fertilizers than ponds treated with organic fertilizers, In conclusion, fish culture growth was better, water quality, fish production and consequently economic returns can be optimized with in the treatment with organic and chemical fertilizers plus supplementary feeding than feeding alone or fertilization alone for polyculture in terms of economic efficiency and net revenue. The study suggested that maximizing production efficiency would require the combination of the three nutrient input sources (feed , organic and inorganic fertilizers). The study throw the lights on the importance of the need to increase yields of fish culture to meet the needs of small holder farmers raising fish for household consumption.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
15
v.
3
no.
2010
251
277
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42415_3246ce1e1e64625a4a82cf7f38587d44.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2010.42415
BIOLOGICAL TOMATO SEED TREATMENT AND APPLICATION OF SOME FERTILIZERS TO CONTROL FUSARIUM ROOT- ROT
Mahmoud
El-Hamady
Plant Production Department. Vegetables Branch, Efficient Productivity Institute, Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
Eisa
Nour-Jehan
Plant Path. Research, Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
author
Ghada
El-Kolaly
Plant Path. Research, Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2010
eng
Both Trichoderma viride and Bacillus subtilis inhibited the linear growth of Fusarium solani (Mart) Sny. And Hans, the causal agent of tomato root-rot disease. T. viride showed greater inhibitory effect compared with B. subtilis.
Greenhouse and field experiments indicated that seed coating with either T. viride or B. subtilis were effective biocontrol treatments against Fusarium root-rot of tomato. On the other hand, these treatments were found to be responsible for the increasing both fresh and dry weights of tomato shoots and roots. Furthermore, the population density of the isolated bacteria, fungi and Fusarium spp., were lower in the plants developed from treated seeds.
Different fertilizers, i.e. ammonium nitrate, calcium super phosphate, potassium sulphate and the combination among them in various rates in greenhouse experiments, significantly decreased the percentage of post-emergence damping-off caused by F. solani. However, the lowest percentages occurred in N0 P1 K2, N1 P1 K2and N1 P2 K1 treatments.
On the other, most fertilizer treatments, significantly increased the number of healthy survival plants and tomato yield in the field. The highest percentages of healthy plants and yield were recorded with the application of N2 P2 K2 (100 Kg ammonium nitrate + 200 Kg calcium super phosphate + 100 Kg potassium sulphate ).
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
15
v.
3
no.
2010
279
291
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42416_ca53d634f9c3922f7822f47462b190ad.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2010.42416
INTEGRATED CONTROL OF COMMON BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) RUST IN RELATION TO VEGATATIVE GROWTH, POD CHARACTERISTICS AND TOTAL GREEN YIELD
Mahmoud
El- Hamady
Plant Production Department. Vegetables Branch, Efficient Productivity Institute, Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
Eisa
Nour-Jehan
Plant Path. Research, Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
author
Ghada
El-Kolaly
Plant Path. Research, Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2010
eng
Common bean rust is wide spread in different governorates in Egypt . Disease severity varied among the governorates whereas Ismailia showed the highest disease levels, while, Giza exhibited the lowest infection. Different cultivars bean showed different disease reaction, whereas Amy and Concessa were resistant, while Paulista was the highly susceptible. Protective spraying against the disease, using different nutritive salts, growth regulators and contact and systemic fungicides was much more effective than curative spraying for disease control and yield quality and quantity. Integrated management using potassium sulphate(as a salt). Ethyphone (as a growth regulator), micronized sulphur (contact fungicide) and Sumi Eight (systemic fungicide) achieved lower disease occurrence and higher yield. Alternation in using the different tested materials gave better results than repeated application of any of those materials alone.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
15
v.
3
no.
2010
293
308
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42417_59414ae9e309857b45b21101291c1c93.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2010.42417
EFFECT OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS EXTRACT FROM SOME HERBS AND SPICES ON THE STABILITY OF PALM OIL DURING DEEP FRYING
Rania
El-Gammal
Food Industries Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
author
AFAF-Haniem
Ramadan
Home Economics Department, Faculty of Specific Education, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
author
text
article
2010
eng
Natural phenolic extracts from herbs and spices, namely Thyme (Thymus. Vulgairs), Marjoram (Origanum majorana) and Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) were used as source of natural antioxidants to determine the stability refined, bleached and deodorized palm oil during deep of potato chip frying at 180° C for 12 hours .
Results of Total Phenolic Compounds (TPC) indicated that thyme extract have the highest total phenolic compounds represented 265.96 mg/g as Gallic acid in compare with marjoram and fennel extracts which were 194.08 and 52.25 mg/g as Gallic acid respectively.
HPLC results indicated that some major phenolic compounds were fractionated and identified namely Catechien, Caffien and some phenolic acids such as Ferrulic, P-Coumiric, Caffeic , Vanillic , Chlorogenic, Salsylic and Synergic acids.
Free Fatty Acid FFA% , peroxide value (PV) , P.Ansidine (p-A.V., Thiobarbituric acid (TBA), Iodine(IV) Values and Totox Number (TN) were determined. The statistical analysis of indicated a significant differences between untreated and treated palm oil during frying process up to 12 hours.
Results of chemical changes revealed that palm oil treated with thyme and marjoram were more stable than the other oil samples treated with fennel during deep fat frying at 180° C for 12 hours.
Also, significant changes in different chemical parameters were observed between control palm oil and treated oil with different phenolic extracts at the concentrates of 200 and 300 ppm during frying process.
So, Addition of Thyme and Marjoram phenolic extracts to palm oil improved the thermal stability and could extended the frying time in compare with Fennel phenolic extract.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
15
v.
3
no.
2010
309
325
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42418_dd3b7859f95f9e479b461c766305b0b4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2010.42418
TOXICITY AND LATENT EFFECT OF LANNATE, VERTIMIC and TRACER PESTICIDES AGAINST Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) (Diptera:Tephritidae).
Ezzat
EL-khayat
Plant protection Department-Faculty of Agriculture-Banha University, Egypt.
author
El sayed
Abd EL-karim
Plant protection Department-Faculty of Agriculture-Banha University, Egypt.
author
Abd el fatah
Hashem
Plant protection Research Institute-Agriculture Research Centre, Egypt
author
Heba
EL-Nagar
Plant protection Research Institute-Agriculture Research Centre, Egypt
author
text
article
2010
eng
The peach fruit fly, (PFF) Bactrocera zonata (Diptera, Tephritidae) is one of the most serious pests on Egypt. This study was carried out to evaluate three pesticides; Lannate, Vertimic and Tracer against adults of (PFF.) under laboratory conditions. Lannate was the most toxic among the three tested compounds following by Vertimic and then Tracer on the flies at 24, 48 and 72 hours post-treatment. LC50 values were 0.25, 3.26 and 9.34 ppm for males and 0.16, 3.64 and 11.59 ppm for females after 72 hours to Lannate, Vertimic and Tracer respectively. The treatment of LC50's pesticides have significant effecte on biological behavior of female. All pesticides shorted longevity and reduced the fecundity. The deterrent index % were 27.39, 34.98 and 16.48 for Lannate, Vertimic and Tracer respectively.
Conclusively, on the basis of the results achieved, it was concluded that Lannate was most effective pesticides on B zonata in comparison with Vertimec and Tracer. But the two pesticides Vertimec and Tracer are a new and highly promising pesticides with efficacy against B zonata . Because the contact toxicity of two pesticides are very low for both vertebrates and invertebrates in comparison with Lannate.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
15
v.
3
no.
2010
327
334
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42419_a7e261a2d441f326907b4e286e6493c3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2010.42419
EFFECT OF FOLIAR SPRAY WITH HUMIC ACID AND GREEN MICROALGAE EXTRACT ON GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF GARLIC PLANT GROWN IN SANDY SOIL
El sayed
Abou El-Khair
Hort. Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
author
Ibrahem
Al-Esaily
Hort. Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
author
Hany
Ismail
Hort. Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
text
article
2010
eng
The present work was carried out in vegetable private farm at El-Kassasein Distract, Ismailia governorate during two successive winter seasons of 2008/2009 and 2009/2010, to evaluate the effect of foliar spray with both humic acid (HA) at 0, 0.1and 0.2 % and green microalgae extract (GMAE) of Scenedesmus sp. at 0, 0.1 and 0.2 % as well as their interactions on nutrient content and uptake as well as photosynthetic pigments. Consequently, growth and yield of garlic (sids-40) under sandy soil conditions using drip irrigation system.
Spraying garlic plants with HA at 0.2 % or with GMAE at 0.2 % recorded the maximum values of N,P and K uptake in bulb and N,P and K total uptake, chlorophyll a, b, total (a+b) and carotenoids, total dry weight, average bulb weight , yield of grades 1 and 2 and total yield/fed. without significant differences by spraying with GMAE at 0.1 % with respect yield and its components.
The interaction between spraying of garlic plants with HA at 0.2 % and GMAE at 0.2% was the best interaction treatment for enhancing N,P and K total uptake, total dry weight, while average bulb weight , yield of grades 1 and 2 and total yield/fed. were increased with the interaction between HA at 0.2 % and GMAE at 0.1 or 0.2 % .
Conclusively, from foregoing results of this study, it could be concluded that spraying of garlic plants with HA at 0.2 % and GMAE at 0.2% increased mineral uptake, plant growth and total yield of garlic under sandy soil conditions.
Keywords : Garlic, humic acid, green microalgae extract, NPK uptake and total yield.
The present work was carried out in vegetable private farm at El-Kassasein Distract, Ismailia governorate during two successive winter seasons of 2008/2009 and 2009/2010, to evaluate the effect of foliar spray with both humic acid (HA) at 0, 0.1and 0.2 % and green microalgae extract (GMAE) of Scenedesmus sp. at 0, 0.1 and 0.2 % as well as their interactions on nutrient content and uptake as well as photosynthetic pigments. Consequently, growth and yield of garlic (sids-40) under sandy soil conditions using drip irrigation system.
Spraying garlic plants with HA at 0.2 % or with GMAE at 0.2 % recorded the maximum values of N,P and K uptake in bulb and N,P and K total uptake, chlorophyll a, b, total (a+b) and carotenoids, total dry weight, average bulb weight , yield of grades 1 and 2 and total yield/fed. without significant differences by spraying with GMAE at 0.1 % with respect yield and its components.
The interaction between spraying of garlic plants with HA at 0.2 % and GMAE at 0.2% was the best interaction treatment for enhancing N,P and K total uptake, total dry weight, while average bulb weight , yield of grades 1 and 2 and total yield/fed. were increased with the interaction between HA at 0.2 % and GMAE at 0.1 or 0.2 % .
Conclusively, from foregoing results of this study, it could be concluded that spraying of garlic plants with HA at 0.2 % and GMAE at 0.2% increased mineral uptake, plant growth and total yield of garlic under sandy soil conditions.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
15
v.
3
no.
2010
335
354
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42420_63103ef15095a44a93a2affac85b4c55.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2010.42420
ALLEVIATION OF DROUGHT STRESS EFFECTS AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES OF WHEAT PLANTS BY FOLIAR SPRAY OF SALICYLIC ACID
Seham
Ibrahim
Agric. Bot. and Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
Naser
El-Sarkassy
Agric. Bot. and Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
Galal
Eisa
Agric. Bot. and Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
Nadia
Kamel
Agric. Bot. and Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
text
article
2010
eng
Pot experiments were conducted during the two growing winter seasons of 2008/ 2009 and 2009/2010 under green-house conditions at the Experimental Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt to investigate the response of wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Sakha 94 to different levels of foliar application of salicylic acid( SA) at (100, 200 and 400 ppm) on growth criteria, some biochemical analysis i.e. photosynthetic pigments,Photochemical activity, Catalase , superoxide dismutase and Ascorbate Peroxidase activities as well as yield and its components under drought stress conditions.
The data indicated that, all vegetative growth criteria of wheat plants, expressed as plant height (cm), number of tiller/plant, total leaf area/plant (cm2), number of leaves/plant, dry weight (gm) of different plant organs were significantly decreased under drought stress which was imposed at different growth stages. Meanwhile, the foliar application with Salicylic Acid at 200ppm seemed to partially overcome the harmful effects of drought stress on the above mentioned characters of wheat plants.
Yield and its components i.e., number of spikes/plant, number of grains/ spike, number of grains/plant, dry weight of grains /plant (g) and 1000-grains weight (g) were significantly decreased by drought stress and the highest values were obtained under control (70% W.H.C.) and the lowest were obtained under DS2 (30% W.H.C.), although spraying plants with antioxidant,SA at 200 ppm was helpful in improving plant yield but was still lower than the control.
A highly significant decrease in the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments (chl. a, chl. b, chl.a+b and caroteniods),
Photochemical activity was observed in fresh wheat leaves in response to drought stress treatments at different growth stages compared with untreated plants. Instead a major response to drought stress, in wheat plants, was the marked increases in the activities of Catalase, superoxide dismutase and Ascorbate Peroxidase in leaves.
Also, the application of salicylic acid( SA) significantly increased in the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments, photochemical activity, and activities of Catalase, superoxide dismutase, Ascorbate Peroxidase in leaves. It can overcome the deleterious effects of drought stress by using antioxidant SA compared with the untreated plants.
Conclusively, it could be recommended the use of SA at 200ppm to partially mitigate the negative effects of drought stress on growth criteriaas well as yield and its components of wheat plants.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
15
v.
3
no.
2010
355
375
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42421_680c0697fc1b6ea088a286af694b4ef0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2010.42421
EFFECT OF BIO-PESTICIDES AND CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND TUBER QUALITY OF POTATO, AS WELL AS, CONTROL OF POTATO LATE BLIGHT UNDER SANDY SOIL CONDITIONS
Essam
Abou El-Salehein
Plant Production Dept., Efficient Productivity Inst., Zagazig Univ., Egypt
author
Khalid
Bahary
Plant Protection Dept., Fac. Agric. 7th October Univ., Ben Walid, Libya
author
Ahmed
Sharaf
Soil Science and Water Dept., Fac. Agric. El Shatbi, Alex. Univ., Egypt
author
El Taher
Abd El-Moula
Agronomy Dept., High Job Center foully Jobs, Zawia, Libya.
author
text
article
2010
eng
The present work was carried out to study the effect of some biopesticides (plant guard and Agarin potato) and N+P2O5+K2O levels (0 + 0+0, 10+ 10+ 20, 20+ 20 + 40, 40+ 40+ 80) kg/fad., on growth, chemical composition of whole plant, tuber quality and yield of potato ,as well as, control of potato late blightunder sandy soil conditions during two growing seasons of 2007 and 2008.
The results showed that treatment with biopesticides, plant guard which contains the fungus Tricoderma harzianum and Agarin potato which contains the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, significantly increased plant growth, tuber yield and its nutritional value in most studied characters and decreased the percentage of natural infection of Phytophthora infestans.
The plant guard which contains the fungus T. harzianum, being the most effective and favorable treatment in most cases.
Furthermore, application of the used level of N+P2O5+K2O fertilizer at 20+20+40 kg/fad., respectively resulted in the maximum values in most studied characters of plant growth chemical composition, yield and its quality of potato, but increasing the level of N+P2O5+K2O increased the percentage of natural infection of Phytophthora infestans.
Generally, the interaction between the plant guard and N+P2O5+K2O at 20+20+40 kg/fad.,respectively, being the most effective and favorable treatment in most cases.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
15
v.
3
no.
2010
377
394
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42422_0ee418bf907e20e719dc68ada95ebfcf.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2010.42422
CONTRIBUTION TO KNOWLEDGE OF SOME SOIL FUNGI IN EASTERN REGION, IN LIBYA
Abdalla
Mansour
Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Garyounis University, Benghazi, Libya.
author
text
article
2010
eng
Fifty nine species belonging to 23 genera were obtained from 100 soil samples collected from the eastern region in Libya. The most common genera and their species were Aspergillus (11 species), Cladosporium (5 species), Fusarium (5 species), Penicillium (10 species), and Rhizopus (1 species). The most abundant species were: Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. ochraceus, A. Terreus, A. ustus, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Fusarium moniliforme, F. oxysporium, Penicillium chrysogenum, P. citrinum, Pleospora herbarum, and Rhizopus stolonifer.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
15
v.
3
no.
2010
395
404
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42423_5a0314cc924c6bd84fc2d6e2611de9fe.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2010.42423
INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT SOURUCES OF FERTILIZERS AND YEAST ON GROWTH, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, YIELD AND ITS QUALITY OF ONION PLANTS
Wafaa
Fekry
Plant Production Department, Efficient Productivity Institute, Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
Essam
Abou El-Salehein
Plant Production Department, Efficient Productivity Institute, Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
text
article
2010
eng
This investigation was conducted during the two successive winter seasons of 2008/ 2009 and 2009 / 2010 at Private Farm, El-Baalwa Zone, Ismaelia Governorate to study the performance of onion cv. Giza 20 to chicken manure, biofertilizers, i.e. nitrobein and phosphorein ,as well as, biostimulant, i.e. yeast each alone or mixed and NPK chemical fertilizers at the recommended dose as a control treatment on growth, chemical composition of plant, yield and its components ,as well as, the nutritive value of onion bulb.
Obtained results could be summarized as follows: Applying chicken manure followed by nitrobein, phosphorein and yeast or nitrobein and phosphorein only were the most effective treatments compared to NPK mineral fertilizers at the recommended dose. Also, these applications resulted in the highest values of plant height, number of leaves, neck and bulb diameter and dry weight of roots, leaves, bulb and total plant, minerals concentration (N, P and K % in plant), bulb yield and its components (bulb diameter, bulb fresh weight , marketable and total yield per feddan), as well as, the nutritive value of bulb (TSS, N, P and K percentage and total protein).Meanwhile, the yield of culls was decreased. Generally ,applying transplants with chicken manure or treated onion transplants with mixture of nitrobein , phosphorein and yeast may be advisable to obtain the best growth and yield compared to using chemical fertilizers.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
15
v.
3
no.
2010
405
424
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42424_d24a899569df85914b7d1ca25329d1bd.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2010.42424