EFFECT OF DIETARY ENERGY LEVELS ON PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF BUFFALO COWS.
Hamdy
El-Matarawy
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt.
author
Mokhtar
Sarhan
Department of Animal Production, Institute of Efficient Productivity, Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
text
article
2006
eng
The present study was designed to investigate the effect of three energy levels on the performance of Egyptian buffaloes. Eighteen pregnant buffalo cows six years old in the 3rd season of lactation and weighing on the average 561.06 ± 20.96 kg (at the last three months of pregnancy) were divided randomly into three similar groups. The experimental rations were isonitrogenous with three levels of energy (100, 80 and 120% TDN). The first group served as control and animals were fed ration (R1) containing CFM 45.22%, yellow corn 27.82% and berseem hay 26.96%. The second group was fed ration (R2) containing CFM 45.73%, yellow corn 25.12% and berseem hay. The third group was fed ration (R3) containing CFM 41.84%, yellow corn 31.59% and berseem hay 26.57%. Digestibility trial was conducted at the end of the experiment using three animals from each group. The results showed that: Buffaloes fed 80% dietary energy level recorded lower digestibility values of DM, OM, CP, CF, EE and NFE than those fed 100 and 120 % levels. The nutritive values as TDN or DCP for all groups were quite similar. Animal fed 120 % dietary energy level recorded heavier calf birth weight than those fed 100 and 80 % energy levels with no significant differences. Animals fed 120 % energy level recorded lower (P < 0.01) time lapsed to placenta expulsion (h), interval from calving to uterine horns symmetry and cervical closure (days), as well as number of cervices per conception than those fed 100 and 80 % energy levels. Interval from calving to complete uterine involution, to the first estrus and calving intervals (days) for animals fed 120 % energy level were significantly (P < 0.01) shorter than that fed 80 and 100% energy levels. Buffaloes fed 120 % energy level conceived 26.2 and 62.17 days earlier than those fed 80 % and 100% energy level, respectively. The differences in days open were significant (P < 0.01).Milk yield and fat, protein, lactose, total solids, solid not fat and ash as a percent for buffaloes fed 120 % energy level were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than those fed100 and 80% dietary energy levels. The animals received 120 % dietary energy level recorded highest (P < 0.01) progesterone (ng/ml) and 17-estradiol (pg/ml) than those fed 100 and 80% energy levels. Progesterone concentration increased slightly up to 15 days postpartum and decreased at 20 days then it increased up to 35 days postpartum. However, 17-estradiol concentration (pg/ml) behaved in an opposite trend,
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
11
v.
1
no.
2006
1
14
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_45174_c360f95e47a8147b0f616e06d0e720d7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2006.45174
COMPARATIVELY STUDIES ON SOME BIO AND CHEMICAL INSECTICIDES AGAINST MYZUS PERSICAE AND APHIS GOSSYPII INFESTED TWO POTATO CULTIVARS AND ITS RELATION WITH YIELD.
Atef
Abd-Allah
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research center, Dokki, Giza , Egypt.
author
Hatem
Al-Shannaf
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research center, Dokki, Giza , Egypt.
author
Hamdy
Megahed
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research center, Dokki, Giza , Egypt.
author
Mohamed
Ibraheem
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research center, Dokki, Giza , Egypt.
author
text
article
2006
eng
In order to evaluate the effects of bio and chemical insecticides for reducing the aphid infestation and response on the potato yield, two bio products namely [Biofly (entomopathogenic fungi) and Jojoba oil (plant extract) and K.z oil (mineral oil)] were compared with five recommended insecticides namely; fenvalerate (Sumicidin), fenpyroximate (Kindo), carbosulfan (Marshal), dinotifuran (MTI-446), (neo-nicotionoid); and, diafenthiuron, (Polo). Two cultivars of potato plants diamant and spunta were sprayed with the tested compounds at the recommended rates twice against two species of aphids, the green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Glover), during two successive seasons of 2003 and 2004 at El-Kenaiat district, Sharkia Governorate. Reduction percentages cleared that A. gossypii exhibted slightly tolerant to tested compounds than M. Persicae. During the 1st season (2003), the comparatively higher initial reduction percentages against M. persicae and A. gossypii were 97.5 and 98.37 % recorded for fenpyroximate against M. persicae on spunta cultivar at the 1st and 2nd sprays, respectively. The relatively higher residual effects were 95.16 and 94.83% recorded for carbosulfa and diafenthuron against M. persicae on spunta cultivar. The two bio products, Biofly, jojoba and mineral oil recorded relatively moderate general reduction percentages ranged between 50.42-73.42% against the two aphid species in the two potato cultivars. During the second season (2004) the relatively higher initial reduction percentages, recorded 97.99 and 96.67% for fenpyroximat against M. persicae infested spunta potato cultivar after 1st and 2nd spray, respectively. The two bioproducts and kz oil recorded reduction percentage ranged 50.47-74.04% against the two aphids species on the two tested cultivars. The aphids species infested diamant cultivar were more tolerant than that infested spunta cultivar, where the relatively higher reduction percentage recorded on spunta, that may be due to the food suitability and its effect insects response to tested compounds. In respecting to the yield, there were significant differences between the different treatments except these plots treated with fenpyroximate which recorded the highest yield (106.20 & 115.25 kg /plot) for both of diamant and spunta cultivars respectively at the 1st season. While at 2nd season, plots treated with fenpyroximate recorded highest yield of diamant (102.25k.g./plot) and the highest yield of spunta recorded for plots treated with carbosulfan (114.5 k.g./plot). On the other hand, the best yield for bio-product was recorded for Jojoba oil which gave (100.25 and 102 kg /plot) when sprayed on diamant and spunta at the 1st season and 94 and 97 kg /plot at the 2nd season respectively. Therefore, it could be decided that Jojoba was the most efficient compound when we wanted potato as a bio-crop to avoid the hazard of chemical insecticides on health and environment which represent the principal aim of IPM programs.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
11
v.
1
no.
2006
15
24
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_45175_ebfa8707b0b9fed99698898707372573.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2006.45175
EFFECT OF DIETARY OF VEGETABLE SOURCES AND FEED ADDITIVES ON SOME PRODUCTIVE, REPRODUCTIVE AND NUTRIENTS UTILIZATION OF MANDARAH HENS DURING THE LATE STAGE OF EGG PRODUCTION CYCLE.
Mommtaz
Shehata
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
author
El Sayed
El - Abd
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2006
eng
A total number of 240 hens of Mandarah local strain aging 58 weeks of age was used in a factorial design (3 source of vegetable oil groups x 4 feed additives) up to 70 weeks of age. Hens were divided randomly into three treatment groups. The 1st group was fed basal diet, 2nd group was fed the basal diet containing 3% corn oil, 3rd group was fed the basal diet containing 3% sunflower oil. Each treatment group was divided randomly into four subgroups. The 1st subgroup was fed basal diet without any supplementation t, 2nd group was supplemented with vitamin C at 100 mg/kg diet, 3rd subgroup was supplemented with kemzyme preparation at a rate of 0.05% of the diet, and the 4th subgroup was supplemented with both of vitamin C (100 mg/kg diet) and kemzyme preparation at level 0.05% of the diet. The results indicated that feeding laying hens on vegetable oil sources (corn or sunflower oil at 3% diet) produced the best value of egg number, egg production, egg weight, egg mass, feed conversion and hell thickness as compared to those fed control diet. However, chicks weight at hatching, values of serum cholesterol and yolk cholesterol were significantly (P<0.05) effect due to corn oil treatment as compared to other treatment. The vegetable oil sources had a beneficial effect on the digestion coefficient values of DM, CP and EE% and also improved the retained amount of calcium and phosphorus content as compared to the control diet. On the other hand, hens fed diets supplemented with kemzyme only gave the best values of egg number, egg production and feed conversion. Hens fed diet supplemented with vitamin C resulted in the best value of egg weight and egg mass, while the lowest value of feed intake was recorded by hens fed diet supplemented with the combination of vitamin C and kemzyme preparation. The addition of vitamin C and mixture of vitamin C and kemzyme preparation gave the best values of egg shell quality, in almost coefficients of digestibility, calcium and phosphorus retention, fertility and hatchability and also the chick weight at hatching, while it was lower both of serum cholesterol and yolk cholesterol and also increase serum calcium and phosphorus content when compared to the other treatments. Interaction results indicated no significant for previous traits, except for feed intake, feed conversion and the values of serum cholesterol, yolk cholesterol and total lipid, which were significant (P<0.05) affected. Economic evaluation indicated that the use of oil (sunflower oil following corn oil) in supplementing layer diets improved NR and EE% as compared to the non supplemented diet, while kemzyme preparation recorded the highest value of NR and EE% follow by the mixture of vitamin C with kemzyme preparation as compared to the other treatments.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
11
v.
1
no.
2006
41
62
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_45176_866c696035d84e097fa612a6c1306c87.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2006.45176
INFORMATION SOURCES OF THE OPINION LEADERS IN THE FIELD OF FISH TRANSPLANT IN SHARKIA GOVERNORATE (In Arabic)
Abd El Aleem
Awad
Researcher Agricultural Extension & Rural Development Research Institute, Egypt
author
text
article
2006
eng
ABSTRACT The research mainly deals with recognizing the most important sources of information according to “Opinion Leaders” “Opinion makers” in the field of practising “Fish Farming” activities moreover their relative importance in recognizing or identifying the most urgent problems or difficulties which face this “Survey” and some suggestions can be faced from researches’ view point them selves. This survey has been carried out in: (1) Skarkia Governorate as it considered one of the most important Governorate in the “Fish Farming” field or “Fish Keeping” field. (2) Husseina and Abu Hamad have been chosen as models of this. (3) Two villages in each city have been chosen as models of this. This choice is based on being distinguished in “Fish Farming” “Fish Keeping” field. *Or it is based on Criteria of distinguishment 65 researchers of local leaders have been chosen by using “a questionnaire” or “Interview” *This happened by chance in September and October 2005. *Systems of consequences percentages and arithmetic medium identities analysis of survey. *The most important results as following: (1) The relative importance of information sources of both “opinion leaders” and managers of “fish wealthy associations included relatives and neighbors at the same activity of fish farming practices as it is shown in tables “1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8” (2) Practicing mobilization and preparation processes of fish. Both relatives and neighbors and fish transportation had the highest relative ineportauce. The most serious problems according to its……….. Shortage 1-The disavailability of guidance leaf lets of fish “Farming”. 2-The shortage of guidance and supervision of opinion leaders and shortage of practical clarifications of “Fish Farming”. On the other hand, the results of this survey showed the most important suggestions of opinion leaders in confronting obstacles and hinders of “Fish Farming” from their. View points: the Government’s interference in Marketing process, providing……. In are sonable price and providing required water for farms. *Finally this survey suggested according to those results some suggestions. Planning and carrying out some for opinion leaders about the system of employing information and influence on farmers. Carrying out some practical clariticatious about “Fish Farming” for opinion leader’s farms. Guidance leaflets which belong to “Fish Farming” should be provided. We have to perform or carry out ordination and integration between agricultural extension system and fish extension system.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
11
v.
1
no.
2006
63
88
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_45177_c791c56c28e8f937127da4489272b2b4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2006.45177
GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF GROWING RABBITS AS AFFECTED BY DIETS CONTAINING DIFFERENT LEVELS OF GUAVA BY- PRODUCT ( Psidium guajava)
Mohamed
Nassr- Allah
Animal Production Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Ministry Agric., Dokki, Egypt.
author
text
article
2006
eng
A total thirty six New Zealand White (NZW) male rabbits, 5 weeks of age were used in this study to investigate the effect of a partial replacement of berseem hay and barley in commercial basal diet with Guava by-product ( Psidium guajava), as untradional feedstuff, at three levels (5, 10 and 15%) on growth performance, digestibility coefficients of nutrients, some carcass traits and economic efficiency. The rabbits were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups (9 rabbits each). The 1st group was fed a pelleted basal diet, while the 2nd , 3rd and 4th groups were fed a diets containing 5, 10 and 15% Guava by-product, respectively. The experimental period was extended for 6 weeks. Obtained results indicated that growth performance parameters had no adverse effect when experimental diets included up to 10% Guava by-product, while the main significant improvement in final body weight , total body weight gain, average daily gain and performance index were achieved for rabbit fed diets containing at level 5% Guava by-product. On the other hand, daily feed intake, feed conversion, protein efficiency ratio (PER), carcass traits or caecum parameters had not significantly affected. However, the rabbits which fed diets containing 15% Guava by-product were recorded depression in these criteria. Digestibility coefficients of DM, CF, EE, NFE and the nutritive values of the experimental diets were not affected by inclusion of Guava by-product in the diets, while the digestibility coefficients of OM or CP had significant depression when the diets included 10 or 15% Guava by-product. In point the economical values, the highest economical efficiency (%) was recorded for rabbit group fed a diet contained 5% Guava by-product.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
11
v.
1
no.
2006
89
101
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_45178_5d507285e84bd37fb70630d6874fb111.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2006.45178
BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL PHOSPHATIC FERTILIZATION EFFECTS ON WHEAT CROP
Mohamed
EL–Mancy
Soil and Water Dept., Efficient Producticity Inst., Zagazig Univ., Zagazig, Egypt.
author
Mohamed
Kotb
Soil and Water Dept., Efficient Producticity Inst., Zagazig Univ., Zagazig, Egypt.
author
text
article
2006
eng
A field experiment was executed on wheat (Triticum aestivum, cv. Sakha 93) at Belbees district, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt during 2004/2005 winter growing season. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of application of increasing rates of either raw (rock phosphate) or manufactured (Ca-superphosphate) mineral phosphate fertilizers with and without inoculation of wheat grains by P-biofertilizer with a trade name of Phosphorien on grain and straw yields as well as N, P and K concentration and content in grains and straw. Grain quality, agronomic P efficiency and available P in soil after harvest were also studied. A randomized complete blocks design with three replicates was used. The experiment included 18 treatments. Nine treatments were assigned to four P fertilization rates (3.25, 6.50, 9.75 and 13.00 kg P/fad), two sources of P (ordinary calcium superphosphate, 6.50 % P = 15 % P2O5 and rock phosphate, 3.25 % P = 7.50 % P2O5) and control treatment (without P application). The same nine treatments were replicated with inoculation wheat grains using Phosphorien. The results show that treated wheat grains with Phosphorien as a P- biofertilizer significantly increased grain and straw yields as well as N, P and K concentration and their content in grains and straw and both grain quality parameters, i.e. protein percentage and protein yield. Also, inoculation with Phosphorien gave higher values of agronomic P efficiency and available P in soil after harvest. Generally, all P rates applied as super-P or rock-P increased all the aforementioned parameters and super-P was more effective in enhancing them than rock-P at all P rates used. At all P rates, inoculation with Phosphorien under super-P gave, in general, higher values than those obtained at inoculation under rock-P or under both P fertilizers without inoculation. The highest values were obtained by inoculation + application of super-P fertilizer at the rate of 9.75 and 13.00kg P/fad and inoculation + application of rock-P fertilizer at the rate of 13.00kg P/ fad. Results indicated that treating wheat grains before planting with Phosphorien combined with applying 9.75kg P/fad as super-P or 13.00kg P/ fad as rock-P may be recommended to obtain the maximum yield and nutrient uptake. With Phosphorien inoculation there is a chance of reducing amount of P-fertilizer in the form of super-P or replacing entire super-P with rock-P, which is economically cheaper and it is abundant in Egypt. This would help in reducing production costs of wheat and pollution of environment.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
11
v.
1
no.
2006
103
121
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_45179_3d1798cd936326e050fa1439ec143eea.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2006.45179
EFFECT OF CHEMICAL, ORGANIC FERTILIZERS AND ACTIVE DRY YEAST ON SALVIA OFFICINALIS, L. PLANTS. I. FFECT ON GROWTH AND YIELD.
Ahmed
EL-Leithy
Ornamental Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
Mohamed
Hussein
Ornamental Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
El mowafy
EL-Ghadban
Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki , Cairo, Egypt.
author
Esraa
Abd EL-Latif
Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki , Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2006
eng
The present study was conducted during the two successive seasons of 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 at the Farm of Ornamental Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University and Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza to investigate the effect of chemical fertilizers (NPK), organic manure (poultry manure) and spraying active dry yeast on sage (Salvia officinalis) plants .The results showed that, NPK fertilizer [300 kg ammonium sulphate (20.6 % N), 200 kg calcium superphosphate (15.5 % P2O5) and 100 kg potassium sulphate (48 % K2O)/ fad./ season ] significantly increased plant height , number of branches/ plant , leaf area , leaves, stems and herb fresh and dry weights/ plant compared to the control, in most cases. In general, poultry manure (PM) fertilizer at 10 and 20 m3 / fad / season significantly increased number of branches/ plant , leaf area , fresh and dry weights of leaves, stems and herb / plant compared to the control. Also, plant height was significantly increased as a result of using PM at 20 m3 / fad. PM at 20 m3/ fad was more effective than 10 m3 / fad / season. Spraying active dry yeast alone at 5 g/ L significantly increased plant height, leaf area, fresh and dry weights of leaves and herb, and dry weight of stems in the first cut of both seasons. It also significantly increased fresh weight of stems in the first season in both cuts . Generally, interaction between PM fertilizer at 10 or 20 m3 / fad/ season and spraying plants with active dry yeast at 5 g / L significantly increased plant height , number of branches / plant , leaf area , leaves fresh and dry weights/ plant and herb fresh and dry weights / plant in both cuts of the two seasons, compared to the control. PM at 20 m3 / fad plus active dry yeast at 5 g / L was recommended.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
11
v.
1
no.
2006
123
135
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_45180_e5296add990182b6fd853709903df009.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2006.45180
EFFECT OF SOME ANTIBIOTICS ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, BLOOD CONSTITUENTS AND ORGANS-HISTOPATHOLOGY OF BAUSCAT BUCK RABBITS.
Salah
Gad Alla
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Gaza, Egypt.
author
Yousry
El-Bolkiny
Department of Zoology, Facility of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
author
Merveet
Mansor
Department of Zoology, Facility of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
author
Nubile
El-Kasas
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Gaza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2006
eng
Thirty six Basket buck rabbits, 6 months of age with an average initial body weight, 2835 ± 44.58 g were randomly allotted into three experimental groups (N= 12) based on body weight. The 1st group was used as control and injected with saline solution (1 ml of 0.09 % NaCL). The 2nd and 3rd groups were injected subcutaneous with 2.5 mg of each tetracycline and enrofloxacin per kg live body weight biweekly for 10 weeks, respectively. Semen samples were individually collected from the five bucks once weekly for a period of 10 weeks to evaluate semen quality. Blood samples from five Basket buck rabbits in each experimental group were collected biweekly throughout the experimental period, also blood parameters were studied. At the end of experiment, three bucks from each experimental groups were randomly chosen and slaughtered to study the histopathological examination. Specimens of liver, kidneys and testes were taken from each animal for the histopathological investigation. The present results showed that the live body weight and the relative weight of liver, testes and epididymis was not affected significantly by injection with tetracycline or enrofloxacine. However, the relative weight of kidney of bucks which treated with tetracycline and enrofloxacine increased significantly (P < 0.05) as compared with the control group. The treatment of bucks with tetracycline or enrofloxacine decreased insignificantly the total number of RBCs and WBCs as compared with the control group. The total number of platelets were decreased (P < 0.05) in rabbits treated with tetracycline and increased (P< 0.05) in which treated with enrofloxacine. After treatment with tetracycline and enrofloxacine, the mean concentration of hemoglobin (Hb) and packed cell volume (PCV) were similarly with control. The total protein, globuline, bilirubin levels and createnin were decreased (P < 0.05) with rabbits treated with tetracycline or enrofloxacine compared to the control group. However, albumin, albumin / globuline (A/G) ratio and the plasma urea –N concentrations were similar in both treated with tetracycline or enrofloxacine and control groups. Injection of bucks with tetracycline induced (P < 0.05) reduction of plasma AST activity and increased (P < 0.05) of plasma ALT activity. However, injection of rabbits with enrofloxacine decreased (P < 0.05) of plasma AST and ALT activity as compared with the control group.The testesterone hormone was increased significantly after injection rabbits with tetracycline or enrofloxacine groups as compared with the control group. Gross and microscopic examination of kidney, liver and testicular of Bauscat buck rabbits showed that injection with tetracycline or enrofloxacin had no adverse effect on these organs, which appeared histopathologically similar to those of the control rabbits. All physical semen characteristics improved significantly (P<0.01) for treated rabbits with tetracycline or enrofloxacine compared to the control group. However, the ejaculate volume were not affected significantly by treated with both drugs.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
11
v.
1
no.
2006
155
170
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_45181_5c091ab833b5a23497e0d1ac9957fd61.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2006.45181
EVALUATION OF INFESTATION RATES WITH BEMISIA TABACI (GENN.) AND LIMIT NUMBERS WITH APHIS GOSSYPII (GLOVER) ON SOME TOMATO VARIETIES AND THEIR EFFICACY AGAINST TOMATO YELLOW LEAF CURL VIRUS INFECTION
Atef
Abd-Allah
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
author
Ibrahim
El-Shimi
Horticultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2006
eng
The susceptibility of eight varieties of tomato (Lycopersicum esculintum L.) namely Super Marmand, Prichard, Giza 80, Cherry, Money Maker, Castlerock, CAL-ACE and GS 12 to infestation with the whitefly (Bemisia tobaci Gennadius, Homoptera, Aleyrodidae) and artificial infestation with aphids (Aphis gossypii glover, Homoptera, Aphididae) was investigated. In order to evaluate the effect of infestation with whitefly and tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), the disease severity rate (D.S.R.) was used. Money Maker variety was the highest resistant, while Castle Rock showed high susceptibility for TYLCV. Also, this study amid to develop alternative management practices to prevent annual damage from infestation with aphids at different levels. The experiments were carried out during winter season of 2004 – 05 at Agricultural Research Station, EL- Kassasien, Ismailia Governorate , Egypt. The results revealed that, Money Maker, Giza 80 and Castle Rock tomato varieties were the most resistant varieties as plants were attacked with few numbers of immature and adult stages of whitefly. Super Marmande and Prichard were the highest infestated varieties with whitefly stages. The, period of high infestation rates were January ,5th and January, 26th for adult stage and December, 1st and December,29th for Immature stages. This may be due to the use of pesticides which affected badly the natural balance of the pest (Hafez and Khalifa, 1975). On the other hand, a positive correlation existed between aphid population levels and damage severity on plant. The results indicated clearly that, early infestation with a little numbers of aphids lead to more damage and decreasing of the yield. Further, the infestation with one or two pairs of aphids necessitates the start of efficient aphid control program within the second week maximum. Also , some vegetative and yield characters was measured for the most tested characters of the eight tomato varieties.
Journal of Productivity and Development
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
1110-2543
11
v.
1
no.
2006
171
184
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_45182_3dd84b1b99854ae28e8099da0055eeec.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2006.45182