@article { author = {El-Abbasy, Usama and Abd El-khalek, Ahmed and Maswada, Hanafey and Abou-Ismail, Asmaa}, title = {RESPONSE OF PHYSICAL AND PHYSIO-CHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES IN GUAVA FRUITS TO GUM ARABIC AND CALCIUM CHLORIDE TREATMENTS UNDER COLD STORAGE}, journal = {Journal of Productivity and Development}, volume = {24}, number = {4}, pages = {705-725}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity}, issn = {1110-2543}, eissn = {2682-3322}, doi = {10.21608/jpd.2019.60005}, abstract = { This experiment was conducted during 2016 and 2017 seasons in Post-harvest Lab. Hort. Dept., Fac. Agric., Tanat University., Egypt to study the effects of Gum Arabic and /or calcium chloride on postharvest storage life and fruit quality of ‘Maamoura’ guavas during two consecutive seasons (2016 and 2017). Guava fruits were dipped for 3 min. into distilled water (control), Gum Arabic (GA, 10%), CaCl2 (CC1, 2%), CC2 (4%), GA (10%) + CC1 (2%) and GA (10%) + CC2 (4%). Treated and control fruits were stored at 7±1°C and 90±5% relative humidity (RH) for 24 days. The changes in physical and chemical characteristics of guava fruits were determined every eight days of cold storage. Results of this study indicated that, all postharvest treatments reduced the deterioration in physical and chemical characteristics compared to untreated fruits (control). In addition, combined treatments of 10 % of Gum Arabic with 2 or 4% of calcium chloride were superior to individual treatments. These treatments minimized the fruit weight loss and decay percentages and maximized fruit marketable percentage as well as maintained fruit firmness and visual appearance score during storage. Moreover, these applications delayed color development by retained total chlorophyll content as well as maintained fruit contents in ascorbic acid and total acidity and reduced the total soluble solids and total soluble solids/acid acidity ratio during cold storage period. Ultimately, these applications increase total phenolic and antioxidant contents; also, prolonged shelf life period of guava fruits at (25±2°C and 65±5% RH) after end of cold storage period (24 days) as compared to control. Conclusively, combined treatments of 10 % of Gum Arabic with 2 or 4% of calcium chloride reduced the deterioration in physical and chemical characteristics compared to untreated fruits (control).         }, keywords = {Guava Fruits,Gum Arabc,calcium chloride,Postharvest,storability}, url = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_60005.html}, eprint = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_60005_3b728b89f5cbc31fe53fe84cd8e6e0cf.pdf} } @article { author = {Aly, Ashraf and Zagzog, Osama}, title = {EFFECT OF MINERAL, ORGANIC AND BIO – FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH OF ZAGHLOUL DATE PALM}, journal = {Journal of Productivity and Development}, volume = {24}, number = {4}, pages = {727-741}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity}, issn = {1110-2543}, eissn = {2682-3322}, doi = {10.21608/jpd.2019.71650}, abstract = {This study was conducted to investigate the response of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera, L.) cv Zaghloul, to nine different fertilizer treatments i.e.  Control (1.5 N), full nitrogen (N) dose (100%) as mineral fertilizer (recommended rate), quarter organic fertilizers + 3/4 mineral, half-N dose as organic fertilizers + half as mineral, full N dose as organic fertilizer, quarter organic fertilizers + 3/4 mineral + bio-fertilizers (EM). half-N dose as organic fertilizers + half as mineral+ bio-fertilizers, full N dose as organic fertilizer+ bio-fertilizers and bio-fertilizers. The experimental design was complete randomize block design with three replicates under El Adlia, Blbas, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt during two successive years (2017 and 2018). The results showed that full N dose as organic fertilizer+ bio-fertilizers gave the highest leaf number/palm, leaf length and leaf area index. Applied the full N dose as organic fertilizer+ bio-fertilizers gave the highest number of leaflets/leaf and leaflet length whereas; addition bio-fertilizers only produced the highest value of leaflet width. Also, our results clear that added half N dose as organic fertilizers + half as mineral enhanced the leaf chlorophyll content, but the addition full N dose as organic fertilizer+ bio-fertilizers increased carotenoids content. Conclusively, from previous results, it can concluded that organic and bio-fertilizers enhancement all vegetative growth parameters of Zaghloul date palm cv. To reduce dates pollution, prefer replacement mineral fertilizer by organic and bio-fertilizers.  }, keywords = {date palm,fertilizer,organic,Bio-fertilizer,Vegetative growth}, url = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_71650.html}, eprint = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_71650_0f361f0425cf34faeab748de170fa606.pdf} } @article { author = {Zagzog, Osama and el bana, bahaa and Mehana, Saed and Qauod, ElSaied}, title = {IMPROVEMENTS OF YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF ZAGHLOOL DATE PALM BY USING THE DIFFERENT THINNING TREATMENTS}, journal = {Journal of Productivity and Development}, volume = {24}, number = {4}, pages = {743-756}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity}, issn = {1110-2543}, eissn = {2682-3322}, doi = {10.21608/jpd.2019.71654}, abstract = {Different hand thinning treatments were conducted on Zaghloul date palm cultivar to study their effects on bunch yield and fruit quality. Seven thinning treatments; (1) control (no thinning), (2) Thinning by removing 25% the bunches number/ palm in Hababouk stage, (3) Thinning by removing 25% the strands number/ palm in Hababouk stage (4) Thinning by removing 25% of strands length per bunch in Hababouk stage, (5) Thinning by removing 25% the bunches number/ palm in Kemri stage, (6) Thinning by removing 25 the strands number/ palm in kemri stage, (7) Thinning by removing 25% of strands length per bunch in kemri stage, at a private farm under the conditions of the Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. Fruit thinning significantly decreased yield per palm. Fruit thinning by treatments (2,5) significantly increased the bunch/weight, however the other thinning treatments decreased the bunch weight. Fruit thinning significantly increased the average fruit weight, fruit size, flesh weight, flesh thick, fruit dimensions, seed weight and color index as compared to the control in both seasons. Fruit thinning had significant effect on the total soluble solids, fruit acidity, vitamin C, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars, total sugars and total soluble tannins in both seasons. Thinning by removing 25% of strands length bunch in Hababouk stage significantly improved fruit quality compared with the other treatments. Conclusively, it is concerning mentioned that the thinning treatments occurred in Hababouk stage gave good results than in kemri stage.  }, keywords = {date palm,Thinning,fruit quality,Bunch weight,Hababouk stage,kemri stage}, url = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_71654.html}, eprint = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_71654_ec0f9157e5a67792634e47c48ff73c35.pdf} } @article { author = {Desouky, sahar and EEl Desouky, Fekry and Amer, Abd elwahab and Rabiee, Mohamed}, title = {ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTORS AFFECTING MILK CONSUMPTION IN THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT(In Arabic)}, journal = {Journal of Productivity and Development}, volume = {24}, number = {4}, pages = {757-771}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity}, issn = {1110-2543}, eissn = {2682-3322}, doi = {10.21608/jpd.2019.71663}, abstract = {The research aimed at shedding light on the most important factors, measuring the effect of each factor on consumption, measuring the effect of the factors combined and indicating the most factors combined, especially the effect of quality factor in demand and how to face the effect of this factor in the future on milk consumption. The study focused on achieving data and statistics issued by the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS), Agricultural Economics and Statistics publications in the Ministry of Agriculture, and FAO. The results showed that the quantities of milk consumed during the study period (2005-2015) increased from about 5237 thousand tons to about 5238 thousand tons and the increase in the quantities required for consumption of milk to about 5925 thousand tons in 2007 and 2008, and then decreased to about 5624 thousand tons in 2006 And then increased to about 5849 thousand tons in 2012 and then back again to about 5598 thousand tons, indicating the fluctuation of demand for milk during that period and instability and due to the increase in consumption of milk to the previous factors, which requires work together to rationalize the consumption of dairy and improve the quality and provision dairy substitutes.  }, keywords = {analytical study,Important Factors,Milk Consumption,Egypt}, url = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_71663.html}, eprint = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_71663_0b988e713ef30e3b44fd90e57cde4329.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd El-Rahman, Ahmed and Zagzog, Osama and El-Naggar, Nermeen and Gad, Mohamed}, title = {ENHANCING QUALITY ATTRIBUTES OF GUAVA FRUITS DURING COLD STORAGE BY USING EDIBLE COMPOSITE COATING (CHITOSAN) AND CALCIUM NITRATE}, journal = {Journal of Productivity and Development}, volume = {24}, number = {4}, pages = {787-805}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity}, issn = {1110-2543}, eissn = {2682-3322}, doi = {10.21608/jpd.2019.72491}, abstract = {The current investigation was carried out during 2015 and 2016 seasons on El-mamoura guava fruits (Psidium guajava L.) to study the effect of calcium nitrate and chitosan coating treatments on the physico-chemical characteristics of the fruits during cold storage period. All treatments prevented fruit decay compared with control which lost 26.14 % (average of the two seasons) of its fruits. Guava fruits didn’t lost any weight during the first two weeks of cold storage in both seasons and after 43 days the least weight loss percentages were for the treatments of Calc. Nit. 4% + Chitosan 0.5% in the first season and Calc. Nit. 2% + Chitosan 1% in the second season. The above treatment of Calc. Nit. 2% + Chitosan 1% had the highest significant average of V.C and gave the highest firmness values in both seasons and its fruits had the highest citric acid content in the last interval of the first season. All treatments maintained the TSS content in guava fruits during cold storage period and the treatment of Calc. Nit. 4% + Chitosan 0.5% had the highest significant average value in both seasons. Conclusively, it is recommending treatment with 0.5% chitosan as a coating and calcium nitrate 5 % to guava fruit cv. ELmamoura to improving fruit quality for cold storage a long time.  }, keywords = {Enhancing Quality,Guava Fruits,Cold storage,Edible Composite Coating,Chitosan,Calcium Nitrate}, url = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_72491.html}, eprint = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_72491_fb9534c0a6a9c1a982ebd336b806bd25.pdf} } @article { author = {Soliman, Walaa and El-Sharkawy, Hamza and El-Santeel, Fathy and Khattaby, Ahmed}, title = {EFFECT OF STORAGE AND HEAT ON CHEMICAL-PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF BEE HONEY}, journal = {Journal of Productivity and Development}, volume = {24}, number = {4}, pages = {773-786}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity}, issn = {1110-2543}, eissn = {2682-3322}, doi = {10.21608/jpd.2019.81024}, abstract = {Heat treatment and sorage of bee honey caused an increase of the HMF that exceeded greatly the allowance limit (level),meanwhile it decreased the diastase number. Furthermore, the two treatments seemed tobe ineffective on pH, free acidity, lactone and total acidity. The effect of heat and storage on the antibacterial activity of the honey types against 3Gram  negative (Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes and Klebsiella pneumonia) and 4 Gram positive bacteria (Microcococcus luteu. Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) was determined using the agar diffusion method.  The results obtained from the study revealed that, the antimicrobial activity was more pronounced in untreated (heat, storage) honey. Furthermore, the different types of honey (clover, citrus and sugar feeding honey) showed not significant different in antibacterial activity before and after heat application on Egyptian honey samples. Moreover, the results obtained from the study showed that the inhibitory activity of microbes in honey before exposure to heat is greater than the inhibitory activity after being exposed to heat in a large number of honey samples. Conclusively, from the previous results it may be recommended not to raise the temperature rise above 28 degrees Celsius during the process of storage.        }, keywords = {Honey,Storage,physical,chemical and antibacterial properties}, url = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_81024.html}, eprint = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_81024_9d3d94c7e7f2e275392d9a682c501535.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Sayyad, Samia and El-Sharkawy, Hamza and El-Santeel, Fathy and Sanad, Reda}, title = {EFFICACY OF SOME WINTERING METHODS ON THE ACTIVITY OF HONEYBEE COLONIES (Apis mellifera L.)}, journal = {Journal of Productivity and Development}, volume = {24}, number = {4}, pages = {807-814}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity}, issn = {1110-2543}, eissn = {2682-3322}, doi = {10.21608/jpd.2019.81085}, abstract = {This work was carried out to study the efficacy of thermal insulation methods during fall on brood rearing activity of F1 Carniolan and F1 Italian hybrid colonies. The experiments were conducted at a private apiary in Hehia district, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. Results showed that the highest measured total sealed brood area was recorded for the thermo-insulated colonies with foam for F1 Carniolan and F1 Italian both hybrids colonies, recording 1334.8 and 1441.4 inch2/colony, respectively. On the contrary, control colonies received no insulation measure reared the least total sealed brood area, recording 998.8 and 1074.2 inch2/colony brood rearing activity of the two hybrids was the highest starting on November 1st regardless of the insulation material. Thereafter this activity suffered gradual decrease till mid winter before it started to increase again. Italian hybrid colonies showed higher brood rearing activity during fall more than Carniolan hybrid colonies. Conclusively, from previous results, thermal insulation by foam is the best type of thermal insulation for bee sects under study.  }, keywords = {Honeybee,thermal insulation,canvas,foam,sealed brood area,stored pollen area}, url = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_81085.html}, eprint = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_81085_64efbfb25f7967adba55110b32a8225a.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Hawary, Mohamed and Moussa, Mohamed and Amer, Dena and Samir, Samara}, title = {FORTIFICATION OF STIRRED YOGHURT WITH SOME MICROELEMENTS USING NATURAL SOURCES TO IMPROVE ITS NUTRITIONAL VALUE.}, journal = {Journal of Productivity and Development}, volume = {24}, number = {4}, pages = {815-829}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity}, issn = {1110-2543}, eissn = {2682-3322}, doi = {10.21608/jpd.2019.81087}, abstract = {The aim of this research is to fortificate the stirred yoghurt with some microelements and natural antioxidants to improve its nutritional value. The control was stirred yoghurt made from buffalo milk. Stirred yoghurt fortified with 5% oat and some fruits (mango, banana and strawberry jam) were prepared and their physicochemical, chemical and microbiolagical properties and some microelements (Si, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) content of resultants products were investigated.   The data revealed that addition of oat flour slightly increase in pH value but these values were decreased with the addition of fruits. Also the lower in protein contents cause lower in fat while the higher in fat, fiber and carbohydrate contents were higher than control.  Mineral analyses of Si, Mn, and Fe contents were great difference between all treatments as they ranged between (28.71-36.51) for Si, (4.61-5.26) for Mn, (3.51-4.11) for Fe and (3.31-3.61) ppm for Zn.  Concerning the control, the values obtained were (14.71), (0.91), (0.71), (3.61) for Si, Mn, Fe and Zn respectively. The sensory evaluation showed that addition of fruits improved the total acceptability. Conclusively, oat flour can be used as a good natural source in fortified yoghurt with micronutrients to produce yoghurt with high nutritional and functional value.      }, keywords = {Fortification,Stirred Yoghurt,Microelements,Natural Sources,Nutritional Value}, url = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_81087.html}, eprint = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_81087_1944084465dddb8ca87efffd85c4042a.pdf} } @article { author = {Ramadan, Mohamed and Darwesh, Fayza and O.A. El-Zeiny, Osama}, title = {EFFECT OF PLANTING DATE AND FOLIAR FEEDING ON PRODUCTIVITY AND FRUIT QUALITY OF EGGPLANT}, journal = {Journal of Productivity and Development}, volume = {24}, number = {4}, pages = {831-850}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity}, issn = {1110-2543}, eissn = {2682-3322}, doi = {10.21608/jpd.2019.81089}, abstract = {A factorial experiment (2 transplanting dates X 3 foliar feeding levels) in split plot design was conducted at Gemmeiza Agric. Res. Station, Gharbeya Governorate, Egypt during 2016 and 2017 growing summer seasons aiming to evaluate effects of transplanting date and foliar feeding with NPK and their interactions on growth, productivity and fruit quality of eggplant (Solanum melongena L,) c.v. Black Beauty. The two tested transplanting dates were summer transplanting on April and late summer on June. While, the three examined foliar feeding levels were spraying with tap water as control, spraying with Potassium-F fertilizer at rate of 3 ml/L or with Raizante fertilizer at rate of 2 ml/L. Foliar spray was done three times throughout growing season. Summer transplanting (April) significantly increased plant height, branches and leaves numbers/ plant and leaf area. Also, leaf percentages of N, P and K as well as total chlorophyll content were increased in April transplanting. Finally, total fruit yield (Ton/ fed) and its quality, expressed as more contents of total soluble solids (%) and total sugars (g/ 100 g D.W.) and less contents of total phenols (mg/ g D.W.) and acidity (%) in fruit tissues, were significantly increased in April transplanting comparing to late summer transplanting (June). Foliar spraying with Potassium-F at 3 ml/L or Raizante at 2 ml/L significantly increased all the above mentioned growth traits and leaf chemical constituents and in turn resulted significant increases in total fruit yield/ fed comparing to unfertilized control plants. Also, spraying Potassium–F or Raizante significantly reduced fruit firmness (kg/ cm2) and fruit contents of total phenols and titratable acidity, at the same time significantly increased total soluble solids, total sugars and K (%) in fruit tissues. Raizante spray was more effective than Potassium-F in enhancing plant growth and fruit yield and its quality. Conclusively: when transplanting date interacted with foliar feeding, different significant responses were found. In general, interaction treatment of summer transplanting (April transplanting date) X foliar feeding with Raizante at 2 ml/L significantly increased plant growth traits and leaf contents of N, P, K and chlorophylls. Such interaction treatment resulted in the highest total fruit yield/ fed with the highest quality (high total soluble solids and total sugars and less total phenols and acidity in fruits) comparing all other interaction treatments.    }, keywords = {Eggplant,planting date,potassium-F,Raizante,Growth,yield}, url = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_81089.html}, eprint = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_81089_a7e0e1db58e841afbbd9beff3ca0b258.pdf} } @article { author = {Yousry, Hala and Tawfeek, Mostafa and Reda, Rasha and El- Gafaary, Nagy}, title = {IMPACT OF COMMERCIAL AND ISOLATED Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PROBIOTIC BACTERIA AND / OR OVERCROWDING ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND IMMUNE STATUS OF Oreochromis niloticus}, journal = {Journal of Productivity and Development}, volume = {24}, number = {4}, pages = {851-868}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity}, issn = {1110-2543}, eissn = {2682-3322}, doi = {10.21608/jpd.2019.81091}, abstract = {A total number of two hundreds and seventy apparent healthy Oreochromis. niloticus (30.0±2.0 g) was used to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with probiotic bacteria (commercial and isolated Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) at a level of  0.1x1010g/ kg diet and/or overcrowding stress on fish growth performance, immune status and economic efficiency. Fish were divided into three groups. The first group (G1) was fed on basal diet (D1) without probiotic supplementation. The second group (G2) was fed on basal diet supplemented with commercial probiotic (D2). The third group (G3) was fed on basal diet supplemented with isolated probiotic (D3). Each group was subdivided into two subgroups, subgroup A was maintained at density of 10 fish/ aquaria (considered as optimum density), and subgroup B was maintained at density of 20 fish/aquaria (considered as high density).  The obtained results showed that thedifference in initial and final body weight (IBW & FBW), total body weight gain (TWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and specific growth rate percentage SGR(%) values of Nile tilapia fed non supplemented or supplemented with probiotic (commercial and isolated) were not significant. Total feed intake (TFI) and survivabilityvalues were decreased significantly (P<0.01) when Nile tilapia was fed diet supplemented with probiotic bacteria (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) sources. Differences in plasma total protein (TP), plasma albumin (ALB) and plasma anti-protease, bacteria count and survivability (%) were significant (P <0.05 or P <0.01). However, the other immunological parameters were not significant. The differences in stocking density (10 or 20 fish / aquarium) on IBW, FBW and TFI values were not significant. However, there were significant differences (P<0.05) in TWG, FCR and SGR values of Nile tilapia. Stocking density 10 fish /aquarium improved significantly (P<0.05) the TWG, FCR and SGR values as compared to stocking density of 20 fish /aquarium. Feed cost required to produce 1kg weight gain for stocking density at 10 fish / aquarium) decreased as compared to stocking density at 20 fish / aquarium). The interaction effect between probiotic sources and stocking density revealed that there were significant difference (P <0.05) in FBW and TWG ofNile tilapia, while IBW value was not significant. The highest values of FBW and TWG values were obtained when Nile tilapia was fed diet supplemented with probiotic and stocking density at 10 fish /aquarium. On the other hand, the lowest values of FBW and TWG values were observed when Nile tilapia was fed diet non-supplemented with probiotics sources and 20 fish / aquarium. Conclusively, from the previous results, it could be concluded that diet supplemented with isolated probiotic and stocking density 10 fish /aquarium was the best values in growth performance, immunity and economical efficiency of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).  }, keywords = {Commercial and isolated Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,probiotic,overcrowding,Growth,immune status,economic efficiency,Oreochromis niloticus}, url = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_81091.html}, eprint = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_81091_059f503f1f9863f2ee69a8f4a08ff8ea.pdf} } @article { author = {El Sayied El-Hady, Emad and El-Sharkawy, Hamza and Sanad, Reda}, title = {EVALUATES THE POSSIBLE RISK OF POLLEN GRAINS CONTAMINATION BY PESTICIDE RESIDUES AND THEIR AFFECTS ON HONEY BEE SURVIVAL}, journal = {Journal of Productivity and Development}, volume = {24}, number = {4}, pages = {869-883}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity}, issn = {1110-2543}, eissn = {2682-3322}, doi = {10.21608/jpd.2019.81094}, abstract = {Some studies have suggested that extensive use of insecticides might be a factor in the increased rates of honey bee colonies loss during the dormant period. There for we conducted this study in five villages in Sharkia governorate, Egypt during 2017.  The obtained results revealed that the remarkable differences in residue levels between sites depending on the agricultural intensity were found. We found different pesticides in all observation sites. We found many samples under any detectable contamination and the few positive samples only with low concentrations of pesticides. Thiamethoxam at El-Nakhas and Ezbet Issa and imidacloprid at Plant protection Institute, Belbeis and El-Mahmodia record a higher PHQ more than 1000 corresponds to consuming more than 1% of the median lethal dose (LD50) per day and therefore represent the toxicity of substances to honey. Conclusively,from these results it could be concluded that risks by ingestion of contaminated pollen and honey are of some concern for systemic insecticides, particularly imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, chlorpyrifos and the mixtures of cyhalothrin and ergosterol inhibiting fungicides. However, residues of neonicotinoid insecticides pose the highest risk by contact exposure of bees with contaminated pollen.    }, keywords = {Insecticides,HPLC,Honey bee,Apis mellifera,Health risk,Pollen,Egypt}, url = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_81094.html}, eprint = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_81094_ccf4af16ed86431529bdf61e96015142.pdf} } @article { author = {elsobki, Ahmed}, title = {HERBICIDAL EFFECTS ON BIOCHEMICAL COMPONENTS AND YIELD IN RICE PLANTS (Oryza sativa L.)}, journal = {Journal of Productivity and Development}, volume = {24}, number = {4}, pages = {885-903}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity}, issn = {1110-2543}, eissn = {2682-3322}, doi = {10.21608/jpd.2019.81097}, abstract = {This investigation was carried out in a demonstrated field at Al-Ibrahimia district, El-Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, during 2019 season to study the effect of four postemergence herbicides namely, halosulfuron-methyl, fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, bispyribac-sodium and bensulfuron-methyl compared with control treatment under four rice cultivars (Egyptian hybrid rice 1"  EHR1", Sakha 104, Giza 179 and Giza 178) on photosynthetic pigments and total carbohydrate, protein content, essential and non-essential amino acids. The obtained results revealed that, no health problems were noticed for all rice varieties on the different experimental area. The lowest values of photosynthetic pigments and total carbohydrate were recorded for halosulfuron-methyl herbicide compared with other herbicides or control treatment. Addition of herbicides led to significant decrease in non-essential amino acids and protein content but, Aspartic amino acid was increased with application of bensulfuron-methyl herbicide. But, rice yield components were significantly incresaesed due to foliar application of herbicide.On other hand, EHR1 gave the highest values for physiological and biochemical parameters as compared with the other varieties. On other side, Sakha 104 cv. appeared to produce the highest number of panicle per m2, ‎seed index and grain yield/fad. The interaction between factors under study had significant effects on physiological and biochemical parameters and yield ‎components of rice were the results suggested that there  a complementary effect between weed control treatments and rice cultivars by sowing Sakha 104 cv. and EHR1 with application of the tested  herbicides.‎ The  physiological and biochemical models of dual-herbicide-tolerant rice cultivars adds further informations to the knowledge of the crop herbicide tolerance degree for sustainable weed management in recent agricultural system. Conclusively, The results of the study showed a decrease in the activity of physiological and biochemical content as response to the tested herbicide treatment at the recommended rates, and this was reflected in the values of essential and non-essential amino acids in the tested rice varieties. The rice crop components were also highly significant due to the application of herbicides.  }, keywords = {Biotoxic,herbicides,cultivars,rice,yield components,protein,carbohydrate,photosynthetic}, url = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_81097.html}, eprint = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_81097_f6be8da13405c05ea571f5402f0f6a1c.pdf} } @article { author = {Ahmed, Saied and Samy, Mahmoud and Ezzat, Asmaa}, title = {EVALUATION OF SOME HORTICULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ALLICIN CONTENT FOR SOME GARLIC GENOTYPES}, journal = {Journal of Productivity and Development}, volume = {24}, number = {4}, pages = {905-917}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity}, issn = {1110-2543}, eissn = {2682-3322}, doi = {10.21608/jpd.2019.81998}, abstract = {A field experiment was carried out during the two successive winter seasons of 2017/2018 and 2018/ 2019 at the Farm of Sids Hort. Res. Station, Agric. Res. Center, Beni–Suief Governorate, Egypt, to evaluate of some five garlic genotypes, namely Egyptian (Balady) and Sids-50 (soft neck garlic white),  Sids-40, Eggaseed-1 and Eggeseed-2 (hard neck garlic purple) on  some vegetative growth, bulb characteristics and productivity as well as Allicin content in cloves  during  fresh and cured yield  . The results showed the uppermost plant height, maximum leaves number  per plant and longest leaf,   highest total plant fresh weight/ plant, bulb diameter, both fresh and cured yield / fed. were obtained by Sids-50 genotype in both seasons. Meanwhile, Eggaseed-2 cultivar  gave the largest leaf width and  bulbing ratio.  However, Balday cultivar recorded the highest number of cloves/ bulb in both seasons. The relative increases in  cured yield due to  Sids -50 genotype  were  about (6.15 and 22.58 %) over Baldy cultivar ,  (30.18 and 31.03 %)  over Sids-40, (15.0 and 24.59 %)  over Eggaseed-1 and ( 68.29 and 80.95 % ) over  Eggaseed-1  in the 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively.    The maximum concentrations of Allicin content in fresh and cured cloves of garlic were recorded with the two cultivars Eggaseed-2 and Sids-40, while  the minimum concentrations were recorded with  Sids- 50 genotype and Baldy cultivar  in both  growing seasons. Conclusively: It could be concluded that the highest garlic growth, yield and its components can be achieved from Sids-50 garlic cultivar followed by cv. Balady, and Eggaseed-1 (purple). In order to obtain the highest Allicin content it is recommended to cultivate Sids-40 or Eggaseed-2.    }, keywords = {Garlic,cultivars,Balady Sids-40,Sids-50,Eggaseed-1,Eggaseed-2,Growth,yield and Allicin content}, url = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_81998.html}, eprint = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_81998_9a3d004ef6b6a14f273f2eb3bc3e245e.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohmed, Wafaa and Mohana, Abd El Hamid and El-Sharkawy, Hamza and AL-Shannaf, Hatem}, title = {FIELD EVALUATION OF SOME INSECTICIDES AGAINST Spodoptera littoralis AND INSECT PREDATOR Coccinella spp. IN COTTON FIELDS}, journal = {Journal of Productivity and Development}, volume = {24}, number = {4}, pages = {919-927}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity}, issn = {1110-2543}, eissn = {2682-3322}, doi = {10.21608/jpd.2019.82001}, abstract = { The Egyptian cotton leafworm is considered the major pest that causes great damage to cotton plants as well as other vegetable crops in Egypt.This study was planned to evaluate the efficacy of emamectin benzoate, indoxacarb and lufenuron compounds against the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis and its natural predator Coccinella spp.during the two successive seasons of 2017 and 2018. The obtained results indicated that lufenuron compound was the most against the cotton leafworm followed by emamectin benzoate during the two experimentalseasons; while the indoxacarb was the lowest toxic on Coccinella spp. Conclusively, it could be recommended to use lufenuron and indoxacarb insecticides to control the cotton leafworm in cotton fields with relatively low effect on natural predator.  Keywords:}, keywords = {Cotton leafworm – Coccinella spp,Insecticides}, url = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_82001.html}, eprint = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_82001_d53e1c6b40c7be69170a6cbaeffdd62e.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd El Gayed, Mohamed}, title = {EFFECT OF SILICON LEVELS AND METHODS OF APPLICATION ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND FLOWERING OF ZINNIA (Zinnia elegans L.)}, journal = {Journal of Productivity and Development}, volume = {24}, number = {4}, pages = {929-944}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity}, issn = {1110-2543}, eissn = {2682-3322}, doi = {10.21608/jpd.2019.82006}, abstract = {Silicon (Si) is a beneficial nutrient that improves the tolerance of biotic and abiotic stress of several crop species. Furthermore, during 2015 and 2106 seasons in a private nursery in Kafr El-Sheik Governorate, Egypt, an experimental pots research was performed to study the effects methods of application (soil or foliar application), silicon levels (0,100,200,300,400 and 500ppm) and their combinations on growth and flowering parameters, as well as the chemical composition of Zinnia elegans L. plants. The obtained results indicated that, vegetative growth parameters (plant height, number of shoots and leaves/plant ,stem thickness, leaf area and total green color (SPAD), shoot fresh and dry weights) and flowering measurements ( number of flowers/plant, flower diameter and vase life)  as well as N. P. K and Si contents of leaves were significantly increased when silicon was applied as soil application as compared with  foliar application method. In addition, adding silicon  at either of  500 or 400ppm caused significant  increases in the previous  aspects. Thus, it could be recommended to apply silicon at 500 ppm through the soil to give the best results  in terms of growth, flowering and  significantly prolonged  flower vase life.  }, keywords = {Silicon Levels,Vegetative,Growth,flowering,Zinnia,Zinnia elegans L}, url = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_82006.html}, eprint = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_82006_2555c4f569f07fae35fc5dc8d320cdc2.pdf} } @article { author = {Saleh, Abed and M. A.M.; Hassabo, Mohamed and Hassabo, Ramadan and Ewis, Amal}, title = {MANUFACTURING FUNCTIONAL STIRRED YOGHURT SUPPORTED BY COLOSTRUM}, journal = {Journal of Productivity and Development}, volume = {24}, number = {4}, pages = {945-963}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity}, issn = {1110-2543}, eissn = {2682-3322}, doi = {10.21608/jpd.2019.82007}, abstract = {Stirred yogurt fortified with colostrum by using different proportions (10, 20 and 30%). Physical, chemical, microbiographic and sensory properties of product were studied. From the obtained results it was clear that there was an increase in coagulation time and protein content by the addition of colostrum during the manufacture of fortified milk and the highest recorded of T3 (colostrum 30%) of the control. The chemical composition of the milk produced indicated increased fat, ash, TS, mineral contents; also there was an increase in viscosity, WHC and antioxidant activity by increasing the added colostrum. On the other hand, samples of the fortified milk revealed a decrease in the rate of mating compared to the control either fresh or during the storage periods. Tissue properties (TPA) are improved by increasing the amount of colostrum added. There was improvement in nutritional and sensory properties by adding colostrum.  }, keywords = {Stirred Yoghurt,Colostrum,physic-chemical,antioxidant activity and sensory quality}, url = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_82007.html}, eprint = {https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_82007_9110a399fcf627a6c4281648e62896c6.pdf} }