eng
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
Journal of Productivity and Development
1110-2543
2682-3322
2009-01-01
14
1
1
18
10.21608/jpd.2009.44507
44507
Original Article
AN ECONOMIC STUDY OF THE FACTORS AFFECTING ON SAVINGS IN RURAL OF SHARKIA GOVERNORATE
Anwar Laban
anw2005_5@yahoo.com
1
Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt.
Agriculture is the main pillar in the national economy. At the time of the adoption of sustainable development on the land, labor, capital and management. There is a dearth of available capital. Under the policy of economic reform programs of the agricultural sector and decreasing the role of the government in its agricultural sector. The problem of study determines the decline in the role of the government in their support for the agriculture sector. In addition to the packages of policies and programs of economic reform of the agricultural sector has resulted in a remarkable increase in production costs and a deterioration in net revenues, as well as the increased cost of living, which reduced savings that would play a role in sustainable development. The study aims to shed light on the most important factors were affecting on national and agricultural savings to increasing efficiency and improving of national and agricultural savings. The sources of secondary data are CAPMAS, The primary data is collected by a three-stage sampling in the rural areas of Sharkia governorate. The study applies the appropriate economic and statistical analysis. The most important findings of the study are as follows: 1- there a positive relation between national savings with Millar pound, by. Each of the National Investment and the total direct taxes, and Gross National Product with Millar pound. This means that an increase or one of these factors lead to an increase in national savings. 2-There is a positive relation between the agricultural savings, and agriculture investment, as there is an inverse relation between agricultural savings, and agricultural output. 3- The percentage of agricultural saving more than agricultural investment in the two periods of about 122.6%, 162.7%, respectively, and this indicates that agriculture needs to attract savings to invest in different agricultural activities. 4- The percentage of agriculture savings declined from the national level of 25.45% in the first period to less than 15% in the second period. Which led to a marked decline in the percentage of savings for the agricultural savings of nationalism. 5- There is a positive relation between the annual per capita income with thousand pound and the value of the individual animal assets with thousand pound, which means that increase the value of the of the individual animal assets leads to increase the average annual per capita income. 6- savings depends on each individual annual income and individual expenditure, which in turn depend on the value of individual animal assets, and the value of the consumption of electricity, water and communications, which reflects the standard of living of the individual.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_44507_fa7201c2ffc814c7de484e9aa270f6e7.pdf
Economic study
savings
rural
Sharkia governorate
eng
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
Journal of Productivity and Development
1110-2543
2682-3322
2009-01-01
14
1
19
35
10.21608/jpd.2009.44609
44609
Original Article
PRODUCTIVITY OF SOME WHEAT CULTIVARS AS AFFECTED BY SEEDING RATE AND NITROGEN SOURCES
Saber Mowafy
1
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt.
Two field Experiments were conducted during 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 seasons at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. The study aimed to investigate the response of some wheat cultivars namely Giza 168, Gemmiza 7,Gemmiza 9 and Sakha 93 to three seeding rates which were 300, 400 and 500 grains / m2 under three nitrogen sources included ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate and urea in both growing seasons. The most important results could be summarized as follows: Wheat cultivars differed significantly regarding their plant height and number of spikes / m2, as well as, grain and straw yields and most of their attributes where Gemmiza 9 followed by Gemmiza 7 recorded higher grain, straw and total yields than Giza 168 and Sakha 93, however, the four wheat cultivars showed closer spike length and harvest index. Increasing planting density from 300 to 400 and 500 grain / m2 significantly increased plant height, number of spikes / m2, grain, straw and total yields / fad but, significantly decreased spike length, number of spikelet / spike, number of grains / spike, thousand grain weight and grain weight / spike. Harvest index was not affected significantly due to raising number of grains / m2. Addition of nitrogen in the form of ammonium sulphate (AS) was superior to all N forms applied where the highest averages were recorded by ammonium sulphate followed by ammonium nitrate (AN) however the lowest averages were recorded by urea (U) in most characters of yield and yield attributes, but thousand grain weight and harvest index were not affected by varying N sources. The significant interaction effects between the studied factors indicated that best yield and yield attributes could be obtained by Gemmiza 9 cultivar when dense planting of 400 or 500 grain / m2 and ammonium sulphate were applied. Grain yield was positively and significantly correlated with plant height, number of spikes / m2, number of spikelets / spike, number of grains / spike, thousand grain weight, grain weight / spike and grain and straw as well as total yields / fad. Results cleared that the highest yield could be obtained from sowing Gemmiza 9 wheat cultivar when planting with 400 or 500 grain / m2 and ammonium sulphate were applied.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_44609_17559acb3f8f58cf330ed8cffe0c5a23.pdf
Wheat cultivars
ammonium sulphate
ammonium nitrate
urea
eng
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
Journal of Productivity and Development
1110-2543
2682-3322
2009-01-01
14
1
37
50
10.21608/jpd.2009.44610
44610
Original Article
DEVELOPMENT OF FORECASTING SYSTEM FOR ONION DOWNY MILDEW IN EGYPT
Mohsen Afifi
profmafifi@yahoo.com
1
Sahar Zayan
2
Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
Onion (Allium cepa L.) is grown worldwide for its fleshy bulbs which are used as food and medicinal purposes. In Egypt, onion is the 2nd major export crop after cotton. Downy mildew of onion, caused by Peronospora destructor (Berk.)Casp. is considered one of the most destructive disease of onion and has a wide geographical distribution includes Egypt. P. destructor is a polycyclic pathogen: many infection cycles can follow one another during an onion-growing season. When weather conditions are favourable, the fungus can complete its cycle in a short time and the disease can cause severe yield losses and affect negatively the Egyptian national income. Therefore disease management relies on routine applications of both protectant and eradicant fungicides (4 – 6 sprays) throughout the season but maintaining control in the life of the crop and timing applications effectively is difficult. In addition, reducing fungicide applications on onions is extremely desirable for the environment and consumer. A computerized forecasting model for onion downy mildew named by the author ( ODM-Cast ) was developed and field validated during 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 onion growing seasons in a disease hot spot cultivation site with a susceptible cultivar(Giza 20) and downy mildew disease severity was confirmed by the visual presence of leaves typical symptoms on onion plants in untreated plots. An advanced wireless telemetry Agro-weather station (Adcon A733 AddWave) which established within the crop canopy was used for monitoring the weather microelements such as: air temperature, relative humidity, leaf wetness, precipitation, global radiation and wind speed 24 hour a day. The results showed that ODM-Cast forecast model successfully indicated the disease daily infection potential and reduced the number of sprays in both years compared with the time table fundamental sprays in both 2006/2007 and 2007/2008, respectively. The basic roles of system analysis for model development and validation are discussed in details .
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_44610_341ea22f3ed100a0338590cc03dbfa37.pdf
development of forecasting system
onion downy
Egypt
eng
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
Journal of Productivity and Development
1110-2543
2682-3322
2009-01-01
14
1
51
62
10.21608/jpd.2009.44611
44611
Original Article
EVALUATION AND VALIDATION OF TEB-CAST FORECAST SYSTEM TO MANAGE TOMATO EARLY BLIGHT IN EGYPT
Sahar Afifi
1
Mohsen Afifi
profmafifi@yahoo.com
2
Magdy Khatab
3
Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is considered one of the main vegetable cash crop for both local consumption and exportation in Egypt. The most important disease infect tomato plants is early blight caused by Alternaria solani which also attacks several nightshade crops including potato and eggplant. Under favourable weather conditions the disease cycle takes about one week.This rapid reproduction cycle can expand the disease so rapidly and completely defoliate tomato plants causing a severe losses in yield. Therefore, a 7-10 day spray schedule with protecting fungicides is a traditional and effective system to control tomato early blight. Consumer concern about agro-chemical residues is strong in Egypt, and particularly relevant for fresh consumed products, including tomato. This consumer concern for food safety and the environment has lead to certified schemes for good agricultural practices such as disease forecast. A computerized forecast model named by the authors ( TEB-Cast ) is an integral linking based on short term observations over several tomato growing seasons , analyzing the correlation between 24 hour microclimate data collected throughout real time automatic Agro-weather station ( Adcon Telemetry A733 AddWave ) , was evaluated and validated under both computer lab. ( workstation ) and open field in 2005 and 2006 growing seasons .The results indicated that TEB-Cast forecast model correctly timed the first spray and the disease daily infection potential and significantly reduced the number of sprays compared with the routine schedule fungicide applications in both 2005 and 2006 growing seasons respectively. The basic roles of system analysis for model evaluation and validation are discussed in details.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_44611_2c4a6302316477649fc166012f218452.pdf
Evaluation
validation
teb-cast
forecast system
manage tomato
early blight
Egypt
eng
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
Journal of Productivity and Development
1110-2543
2682-3322
2009-01-01
14
1
63
86
10.21608/jpd.2009.44612
44612
Original Article
EFFECT OF FOLIAR SPRAY WITH ZINC, BORON AND MOLYBDENUM ON THE GROWTH, YIELD, ESSENTIAL OIL PRODUCTIVITY AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ROSEMARY (ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS, L.) PLANT.
Mohamed Hanafy
1
Gamal el din Ahmed
2
Abd el Fatah EL-Zehewy
3
Abeer Mohamed
4
Ornamental Hort. Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt.
Ornamental Hort. Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt.
Hort. Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt.
Hort. Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt.
This experiment was carried out in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Station at EL-Kanater EL-Khayria, Horticultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, in two successive seasons; 1998 and 1999. The trace elements used in this experiment were Zn, B and Mo. Zn or B used at the rates of 0, 25, 50 or 100 ppm, while Mo at 0, 5, 10 or 20 ppm. The plants were treated with the microelements as foliar spray on April 22nd, July 7th and October 23rd. The obtained results can be summarized as follows: Spraying the plants with B at 100 ppm resulted in the greatest plant height and number of branches/plant as well as oil percentage in herb and leaves and N, K and B content in the herb. It increased herb and leaves fresh and dry weight/plant, oil yield of herb and leaves/plant as well as total carbohydrates, chlorophylls (a, b and total), carotenoids, P, Zn and Mo contents in the herb. Treating the plants with B at 50 ppm increased the vegetative growth, leaves and herb oil % and oil yield/plant, chlorophylls a, b and total, carotenoids, total carbohydrates content, N, Zn, B and Mo in the herb. Using B at 25 ppm led to an increase in the vegetative growth, oil% and yield in leaves and herb/plant, chlorophylls a, b and total, carotenoids, total carbohydrates content, Zn, B and Mo in the herb. However, it decreased P% in both seasons, compared to control plants. Supplying the plants with Zn at 50 ppm resulted in the highest P% in the herb. It increased the vegetative growth as well as oil% and oil yield in herb and leaves/plant. It increased chlorophylls a, b and total, carotenoids, total carbohydrates content, N, P, Zn, B and Mo in the herb, compared to control plants. Application of Zn at 25 ppm resulted in an increase in plant height, oil% in the leaves, oil yield in leaves and herb/plant, total carbohydrates, chlorophylls a, b and total, K%, Zn, B and Mo content in the herb. However, it decreased herb and leaves fresh and dry weight/plant in comparison with untreated plants. Application of Zn at 100 ppm led to an increment in number of branches/plant, total carbohydrates, chlorophylls (a, b and total), carotenoids, N, Zn and B contents. While, it decreased plant height, leaves and herb fresh and dry weight/plant, oil% in leaves, oil yield of leaves and herb/plant and P % compared to control plants. Application of Mo at 10 ppm led to the greatest fresh and dry weights of leaves and herb/plant as well as oil yield of herb and leaves/plant, also total carbohydrates content in the herb. It increased plant height, number of branches/plant, oil percentage in both herb and leaves, N, K, Zn, B and Mo in the herb, chlorophylls (a, b and total), carotenoids content. It decreased P content in the herb, compared to untreated plants. Spraying the plants with Mo at 5 ppm caused an increase in plant height, leaves and herb fresh and dry weights/plant, as well as oil% and yield of leaves and herb/plant, chlorophylls (a, b and total), carotenoids, Zn and B contents. However, P and K% in both seasons were decreased compared with control plants. Treating the plants with Mo at 20 ppm decreased all vegetative characteristics and the chemical determinations, except chlorophylls (a, b and total), carotenoids, Zn, B, and Mo contents which were increased compared to untreated plants.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_44612_fd65104292d49a38fcf2861d78afd008.pdf
foliar spray
zinc
Boron
molybdenum
Growth
essential oil productivity
Chemical composition
rosemary plant
eng
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
Journal of Productivity and Development
1110-2543
2682-3322
2009-01-01
14
1
87
110
10.21608/jpd.2009.44613
44613
Original Article
EFFECT OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER AND EGYPTIAN ROCK PHOSPHATE ON THE GROWTH, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND OIL PRODUCTION OF TARRAGON (Artemisia dracunculus, L.)
Awad El-Sayed
1
Mahassen Sidky
2
Hazem Mansour
3
Maie Mohsen
4
Ornamental Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt.
Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokky, Cairo, Egypt.
Ornamental Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt.
Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokky, Cairo, Egypt.
This study was carried out during the two successive seasons of 2004 and 2005, to investigate the response of tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) plants to fertilization using different levels of Egyptian rock phosphate (ERP) at rates of 0, 25 or 50 kg/fad/season, and/or cattle manure (CM) at rates of 0, 20, 40 or 60 m3/ faddan/ season. The results showed that although all the applied treatments improved the growth and yield parameters of tarragon, Egyptian rock phosphate (ERP) at 50 kg/fed., combined with cattle manure (CM) at 40 m3/feddan proved to be the best treatment in increasing the fresh and dry herb yields (per plant and per faddan), as well as the oil percentage and oil yield. Application of ERP at 25 kg/fed., combined with CM at 40 m3/feddan gave the highest content of limonene in the essential oil, and decreased the estragole (which is an undesirable component) and anethol contents, compared to the control. The different CM treatments had a favourable effect on oil quality, by decreasing the estragole content. All the tested fertilization treatments tended to increase the contents of total carbohydrates in the herb. Among the three cuts harvested each season, the second cut gave the highest values for herb yield, oil percentage, oil yield, as well as the chemical parameters.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_44613_2efc4b9e1301a06bbfc6ce1b785c84c4.pdf
Tarragon
artemisia
Rock Phosphate
cattle manure
estragole
fertilization
eng
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
Journal of Productivity and Development
1110-2543
2682-3322
2009-01-01
14
1
111
128
10.21608/jpd.2009.44614
44614
Original Article
EFFECT OF PLANTING DISTANCES ON THE GROWTH, YIELD, ESSENTIAL OIL PRODUCTIVITY AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ROSEMARY (ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS, L.) PLANT.
Ahmed Hanafy
1
Gamal el din Ahmed
2
Abd el fatah EL-Zehewy
3
Abeer Mohamed
4
Ornamental Hort. Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt.
Ornamental Hort. Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt.
Hort. Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center,Giza, Egypt.
Hort. Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt.
This experiment was carried out in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Station at EL-Kanater EL-Khayria, Horticultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, in two successive seasons; 1998 and1999. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of planting distances on the growth, yield, essential oil productivity and chemical composition of Rosmarinus officinalis, L. plant. The plants of this experiment were cultivated at a distance of 20, 30, 40, 60 or 80 cm between them in the row and 30 cm between the rows. All the plants of this experiment were fertilized with nitrogen (N) at 150 kg, phosphorus (P2O5) at 50 kg and potassium (K2O) at 30 kg/fad. Nitrogen was added in the form of ammonium nitrate (33.5% N), while phosphorus was applied as calcium superphosphate (15.5% P2O5) and potassium as potassium sulfate (48% K2O). The obtained results can be summarized as follows: Growing rosemary plants at 20 cm apart resulted in the tallest plants, while, increasing the distance from 20 to 80 cm decreased steadily plant height. Cultivation at 80 cm between the plants in the row increased the number of branches, fresh and dry weights of herb as well as leaves/plant. Also, the plants which grew at this distance had the highest oil percentages and oil yield in their fresh herb and leaves per plant. Whereas increasing planting distances from 20 to 80 cm increased photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls a, b and total, as well as carotenoids), total carbohydrates, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium percentages in the herb in the two seasons. As a general trend, it is very clear that the highest values of all previous parameters were resulted in cultivation at the widest distance (80 cm between the plants in the row). Whereas the lowest values of all previous characters were produced from cultivation at the narrow distance (20 cm between the plants in the row). At the same time the opposite trend was found with plant height in the two seasons.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_44614_6978369d44e79af635f3f1bf5ed24f97.pdf
distances
Rosmarinus officinalis
cultivated
Growth
essential oil productivity
Photosynthetic pigments
eng
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
Journal of Productivity and Development
1110-2543
2682-3322
2009-01-01
14
1
129
145
10.21608/jpd.2009.44615
44615
Original Article
EFFECT OF PLANT DENSITIES AND GENOTYPES ON FLAX AGRONOMIC TRAITS. 2- SEED YIELD, OIL YIELD, FIBER YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS
El sayed El- Seidy
1
Taha Abou - Zied
2
Aly Hassan
3
El Mawafy Assar
4
Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
El-Gemmeiza Agriculture Research Station, Agriculture Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
Plant Production, Efficient Productivity Institute, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
El-Gemmeiza Agriculture Research Station, Agriculture Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
Two field experiments were conducted at two locations i.e. El- Gemmeiza Agriculture Research Station, Gharbia governorate and Sakha Agricultnre Research Station, Kafr El- Sheikh governorate, Egypt during 2005- 2006 and 2006- 2007 seasons to study the effect of plant densities and genotypes on flax seed yield, oil yield, fiber yield and its components . Results indicate that Egyptian flax varieties except Sakha 3 var. surpassed the imported varieties in straw yield, no. of seeds/ capsules , seed index, seed yield/ fad. and oil yield/ fad. in both seasons under the two experiments locations. On the other hand the imported flax varieties and the Egyptian Sakha 3 variety exceeded all of the Egyptian varieties in fiber percentage and fiber yield/ fad. concerning the effect of plant densities on flax genotypes the obtained results indicate clearly that no. of capsules / plant, seed yield / fad. and Oil yield/ fad. were decreased by increasing plant density. While, increasing plant density had significant increases in straw yield/ fad, fiber percentage and fiber yield/ fad.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_44615_c946527e2ec15249bfcd7dbb380fdfee.pdf
plant densities
genotypes
flax agronomic traits
seed yield
Oil yield
fiber yield
eng
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
Journal of Productivity and Development
1110-2543
2682-3322
2009-01-01
14
1
147
169
10.21608/jpd.2009.44616
44616
Original Article
THE PARTICIPATION OF FARMERS IN EXTENSION ACTIVITIES IN SHARKIA AND ISMAILIA GOVERORATES (In Arabic).
Mohamed El-Sayed
1
Agricultural Extension &Rural Department Research Institute, Agricultural Research center, Giza,Egypt.
The main objectives of this study were to: Identify the degree of participation of farmers in seven extension activities, which are office visits, field visits, extension meetings ,demonstration fields, extension printed materials, extension campaigns and participation in the activities of the network communication researches and agricultural extension (vercon).As well as the research aimed at identifying the degree of benefits of extension activities .Also identifying the problems that limit the participation of farmers in some extension activities . Data were collected from random sample of 274 respondents from Sharkia and Ismailia Governorates by personal interviews using pretested questionnaire during December 2008. Data were tabulated, processed and analyzed by using frequencies and percentages. The study showed the following results: 1-The participation percentages of the sample farmers in extension activities were: Office visits 56.57%,field visits 78.47%,extension meetings 51.82%,demonstration fields 45.26%,reading extension printed materials 38.32%,extention campaigns 31.02% and participation in the activities of network communication researches and agricultural extension(vercon) 25.55% . 2-The benefit percentages of sample farmers from the participation in the extension activities were: In office visits 37.42%benefited highly, while 8.39%with low degree, in field visits 38.61% benefited highly while 10.23% benefited with low degree, in extension meetings 43.66% benefited highly while 9.16% benefited with low degree, in demonstration fields 50% benefited highly while 14.52% benefited with low degree, in extension campaigns 44.71% benefited highly while 18.82% benefited with low degree , in reading extension printed materials 52.38% benefited highly while 9.52% benefited with low degree and in participation in the activities of the network communication researches and agricultural extension (vercon)42.86% benefited highly while 20 % benefited with low degree. 3- the problems that limit the participation of farmers in some extension activities was: the problem of lack of knowledge of the extension activities 30.66%,then the problem of the large number of responsibilities 28.47% ,then the problem of lack of time 25.91%.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_44616_f3b0c472074145bfa00eae19f28c81ef.pdf
Participation
farmers
Extension Activities
Sharkia & Ismailia Goverorates
eng
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
Journal of Productivity and Development
1110-2543
2682-3322
2009-01-01
14
1
171
184
10.21608/jpd.2009.44617
44617
Original Article
IMPACT OF THREONINE SUPPLEMENTATION ON GROWING JAPANESE QUAIL PERFORMANCE.
Ibrahim Assaf
dr.assaf2007@yahoo.com
1
Abd El baky Torkia
2
Ibrahim Azzazi
ibrahimazazi@yahoo.com
3
El sayed El-Sysy
4
Animal Production Reseasrch Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Animal Production Reseasrch Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Animal Production Reseasrch Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Animal Production Reseasrch Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
This study was carried out to investigate the impacts of threonine(Thr) supplementation on growing Japanese quail performance. A total number of the experimental birds was 405 at 7 days of age. Japanese quails were divided into nine treatment groups (45 birds in each). Each treatment group contained three replicates ( 15 birds in each). Threonine supplementation levels to basal diet were (0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35 and 0.40% to form 9 experimental diet groups. The results showed that 1- Growth performance: No significant difference among dietary treatments in LBW and LBWG values during all periods (7-21, 22-42 and 7-42 days of age), FI during the period from 7-42 days of age and FC during the periods (21-42 and 7-42 days of age) were observed. Significant effects on FI during the periods (7-21 and 21-42 days of age) and FC during the period from 7-21 days of age were observed. Quails fed (basal diet +0.20% threonine supplementation (diet 5) had better FC value during the period from 7-42 days of age. 2- Slaughter parameters: Feeding different levels of threonine supplementation insignificantly affected slaughter parameters of Japanese quails, expect, breast perimenter length (cm). Quails fed basal diet + 0.40% threonine supplementation (diet 9) had higher breast perimenter length (cm). 3- Economical efficiency: Quails fed basal diet + 0.05% threonine supplementation (diet 2) gave the best economical and relative efficiency values being 2.779 and 111.56 %, respectively followed by quails fed basal diet + 0.2% threonine supplementation (diet 5) (2.776 and 111.44% respectively) when compared with control diet or other dietary treatments. 4- Chemical analysis (moisture, Cp and amino acids)% of breast Japanese quail meat: It shows no significant effect on moisture, protein and amino acids % of quails meats. However, 0.20, 0.30 and 0.40% supplemented Thr showed the highest protein % (as dry matter) were 82.55, 81.95 and 80.10 % Also, moisture % decreased as dietary threonine increased up to 0.35% Thr supplemented. Overall, as dietary threonine supplementation breast meat of Japanese quails content of Thr increase with no significant differences. 5- It can be concluded that breast perimenter length gets better as dietary threonine supplementation increase, also, supplementation of 0.05% threonine improved economic efficiency percentages and gave the net profit.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_44617_ff48faeaa0b7500ff6fb5e04116e0286.pdf
Corn-soybean
Threonine levels
carcass
economical parameters
Japanese quails
eng
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
Journal of Productivity and Development
1110-2543
2682-3322
2009-01-01
14
1
185
203
10.21608/jpd.2009.44618
44618
Original Article
EFFECT OF SEEDING RATE AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION LEVEL ON BREAD WHEAT UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS OF NORTH SINAI
Amin Bassiouny
1
Plant Production Department, Efficient Productivity Institute, Zagazig University, Egypt
This present study was carried out during 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 winter seasons in a private farm at Rafah, El-Areish, North Sinai Governorate, Egypt. This work aimed to study the effect of seeding rate (50 , 65 and 80 kg grains / fad.) and nitrogen fertilization level (40 , 60 and 80 kg N / fad) on grain yield, and yield attributes of Sids 1 wheat cultivar under rainfed conditions and newly cultivated sandy soil as well. The number of spikes/m2 was not significantly affected by seeding rate in the first season, but however, was significantly increased due to the increase of seeding rate up to 65kg/fad. in the second season as confirmed by the combined analysis. The grain weight/spike, number of grains/spike and 1000-grain weight were not significantly affected by varying the seeding rate in both seasons and their combined. However, the grain yield/fad, as well as the straw and total yields/fad. were significantly increased with each increase of seeding rate up to 80kg/fad. This was observed in harvest and crop indices when the seeding rate was increased from 40 to 80kg/fad. Regarding N fertilization level, the grain yield/fad. and all its components were significantly increased with each N increment up to the addition of 80kg N/fad. The straw yield/fad failed to respond to the second N increment and hence the harvest index and crop index. The response equations of grain yield/fad. to the increase of N level were of the second order to where the increase of grain yield was diminishing in the two seasons, indicating that a predicted maximum N level of 72.6 kg N/fad. was quite enough to maximize the grain yield to 1022.9 kg/fad. in the first season whereas 84.0 kg/fad. were needed to maximize the grain yield to only 892.9kg/fad. in the second season. The interaction between the two factors under study was without significant effect on grain, straw and biological yields/fad. The number of grains/spike and straw and biological yields/fad. were significantly affected by the interaction between seeding rate and N level. Under the three seeding rates, any increase in N level was accompanied by a significant increase in the averages of these characters but with different magnitudes. Wheat grain yield/fad was positively and significantly correlated with most of the studied characters. Path analysis revealed that the main sources of grain yield variation according to their relative importance were number of spikes/m2, number of grains/spike and 1000-grain weight, where the direct and indirect effects of these traits contributed more than 86.89 % from the grain yield variation.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_44618_f47026c53fee85fcaa1ad5a96105e05d.pdf
seeding rate
Nitrogen fertilization
Bread wheat
rainfed conditions
North Sinai
eng
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
Journal of Productivity and Development
1110-2543
2682-3322
2009-01-01
14
1
205
222
10.21608/jpd.2009.44619
44619
Original Article
EFFECT OF IRRIGATION INTERVALS AND PK FERTILIZER LEVELS ON PEANUT (Arachis hypogaea, L.) UNDER SANDY SOIL CONDITIONS
Magdy Abd El-Maksoud
1
Abd El Ghany Mansour
2
Amin Bassiouny
3
Plant Production Department, Efficient Productivity Institute, Zagazig University, Egypt.
Plant Production Department, Efficient Productivity Institute, Zagazig University, Egypt.
Plant Production Department, Efficient Productivity Institute, Zagazig University, Egypt.
The influences of irrigation at three intervals (every 4, 6 and 8 days), potassium at three rates (24, 48 and 72 kg K2O/fad) and phosphorus at three rates (15, 30 and 45 kg P2O5/fad) on yield, yield components and seed quality of peanut cultivar Giza 5 were studied in a private farm at El-Salhya region, Sharkia Governorate during summer seasons of 2006 and 2007. Results show that either irrigation or fertilization treatments affected significantly all studied characters. Decreasing irrigation intervals from 8 to 6 and then to 4 days, increasing K fertilizer levels from 24 to 48 and then to 72 kg K2O/ fad and increasing P fertilizer levels from 15 to 30 and then to 45 kg P2O5/fad increased significantly plant height, number of branches/plant, number of pods/plant, seed yield/plant, 100-pod weight, shelling percentage, pod, seed and foliage yields/fad. However, oil and protein percentages significantly increased by any increase of K or P fertilizer, but with respect to irrigation treatments, the highest oil percentage was attained when the irrigation intervals were at 4 or 8 days with no significant effect on protein percentage. The interaction effect between irrigation intervals and K fertilizer levels on 100-pod weight and seed yield/fad as well as the interaction effect between irrigation intervals and P fertilizer levels on 100-pod weight and foliage yield/fad were significant. Irrigation every 4 days under 72 kg K2O/fad or 45 kg P2O5/fad gave the heaviest 100- pod weight and highest seed yield/fad. Foliage yield/fad were the highest with 4 days irrigation interval when 30 or 45 kg P2O5/fad were applied. Significant and positive correlation coefficients were detected between seed yield/fad and all studied characters, while the correlation coefficient between the same character and protein percentage was positive and insignificant.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_44619_30edf8a4c42decf8862b9fa24498fa5a.pdf
Irrigation intervals
pk fertilizer levels
peanut (arachis hypogaea
L.)
sandy soil
eng
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
Journal of Productivity and Development
1110-2543
2682-3322
2009-01-01
14
1
223
238
10.21608/jpd.2009.44620
44620
Original Article
INFLUENCE OF THREONINE SUPPLEMENTED LEVELS ON PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF LAYING JAPANESE QUAILS.
Ibrahim Assaf
dr.assaf2007@yahoo.com
1
Ibrahim Azzazi
ibrahimazazi@yahoo.com
2
Abd El Baky Torkia
3
El Sayed EL- Sysy
4
Animal Production Reseasrch Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Animal Production Reseasrch Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
This study was carried out to investigate the influence of dietary levels threonine on the productive and reproductive performance of laying Japanese quails. One hundred and sixty- two of adult Japanese quails (6 weeks of age) were divided into 9 treatments (18 in each). Each treatment group was divided into six replicates of 3 birds (one male and two females) in each treatment. Birds were fed nine experimental diets, where threonine supplementation levels were 0.0, 0.5, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35 and 0.40%. Results obtained showed that: Increasing dietary threonine level caused increase in most egg productive traits of laying Japanese quail. The supplemented threonine at level 0.15 % to the basal diet significantly (P£ 0.01) showed the best results in egg weight (EW), feed intake (FI), daily egg production (DEP), feed conversion (FC), egg mass (EM), egg production (EP) and egg number (EN) of Japanese quails. However, there were significant differences (P£ 0.05) among treatment in egg weight, shape index, yolk weight percentage and Haugh units, while other measurements of egg quality did not influence by dietary threonine levels. Also, no significant differences shown among treatment groups in both males or females in reproductive organs. Dietary threonine levels at 0.20% recorded the best value of hatchability per total and fertile eggs (77.82 and 80.63%, respectively). High economic efficiency and relative economic efficiency obtained for Japanese quails fed diets supplemented with threonine (Thr) at levels 0.05 and 0.15%, respectively. Conclusively, it could be concluded that diets of laying Japanese quails determined according to NRC recommendation were not sufficient for threonine needs. It is worthy to note that diets supplemented with Thr at levels 0.05 up to 0.15% resulted improvement in egg production traits, egg quality, hatchability (%), as well as, economic efficiency and relative economic efficiency, under Egyptian environmental conditions.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_44620_95df65ce90a70f722665254a26eba26f.pdf
Threonine levels
corn- soybean diet
egg productive and reproductive traits
Japanese quails
eng
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient Productivity
Journal of Productivity and Development
1110-2543
2682-3322
2009-01-01
14
1
239
272
10.21608/jpd.2009.44621
44621
Original Article
EFFECT OF EMBROIDERY ON THE PRODUCT'S VALUE CONCERNING BEAUTY & COST "Experimental study"(In Arabic)
Laila Feda
1
Department of clothing and textiles, Colleges of Home Economics and Art Education, Princess Nora Bint Abdul Rahman University , KSA
The research is directing women to pay attention to the importance of exploitation of Furnishings and Furnishing Accessories by using embroidery to adornments them. Primary data are collected depending on two samples. One of them is humanal sample, and the other is the material sample which includedBedspreads, table-linen, and furniture accessories available at home. Secondary sources for collecting Knowledge are the previous studies concerned with the research subject. Questionnaire, interviews, and photographys are the materials and methods used for collecting data. This research followed the experimental research method. Expirments are demonstrated to evaluate the value of decorating Furnishings and Furnishing Accessories by using embroidery. The research results approved that the value of the decorated objects is increased in terms of beauty and cost.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_44621_899ce5238705e0a6a63b1fdf14e0f5c1.pdf
Embroidery
product's value
beauty & cost