ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
SOME PROBLEMS FACING THE RURAL EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN KAFR EL-SHEIKH GOVERNORATE
The study aims at identifying the degree of the problems facing rural educational organizations in Kafr El-Sheikh governorate, among the group's problems relating to each of: student, teacher, school, the educational process, and the environment around the school. As well as the differences between those organizations regarding degree of the existence of these problems. The study was carried out in ten districts in Kafr el-Sheikh governorate, Data were collected by personal interviews using a pretest questionnaire from (317) social worker in each school. The equation of (Krejcie & Morgan, 1970) was used to determine the sample size, and data were collected during the months of May and June of 2012. The data were statistically analyzed by using weighted mean, percentages, and f test.
The most important results of the study were as follows:
A. Teacher problems came first place 60.19%, the educational process 47.81%, the problems of school 27.65%, the problems of the student 27.49%, while environmental problems around the school came last with 15.49%, according to the relative importance of each them. There were significant differences between the districts regarding the school problems, and it was the most presence in the district of Kafr El-Sheikh.
B. There were significant differences between schools in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate districts with respect to the following issues.
1.Student problems, including: the failure of some students curriculum, it was more visible in the district Hamul. In addition, some students morbidity and disability, it was more visible in the district of Kafr El-Sheikh.
2.Teacher problems including: convergence of some teachers, the lack of dealing with their colleagues, and the lack of respect for some teachers to national traditions and customs, were more visible in the district of Riyad.
3.School problems, including: weak relationship between management and pupils, it was more visible in the district of Kafr El-Sheikh. The lack of attention to the development of the talents of the students, and was more visible in Baltim district.
4. The problems of the educational process, including: the national education curriculum is not working on the preparation of good citizen, it was more visible in the district of Riyad. In addition, bad packaging textbook, it was more visible in districts Riyad & Kafr El-Sheikh.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42477_6d93168732d6a8092b715007e5d551d6.pdf
2013-01-01
1
21
10.21608/jpd.2013.42477
Problems Facing
RURAL EDUCATIONAL
GANIZATIONS
Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate
Mohamed
Abu Seeda
1
Agric. Extension & Rural Development Research Institute. ARC, Giza, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
mohamed
Heedak
2
Agric. Extension & Rural Development Research Institute. ARC, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
THE ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTS OF AQUOUS THYME AND SUMAC EXTRACTS IN REFREGIRATED MINCED BEEF MEAT
The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% thyme and sumac hot water extract added to minced beef meat after populated with pathogenic bacteria and stored at 4±1.°C for 6 days. Total Phenolic andtotal flavonoidscompounds in thyme and sumac extracts were determined by HPLC. There antioxidant activity was screened using DPPH radical scavenging methods.Theantimicrobial activities assessment was tested by agar wells-diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using broth media.
The obtained results showed that the inhibition percentage values ranged from 35.9 to 39.6 and 25.2 to 37.6% for thyme and sumac extracts, respectively. Also, The results showed that 40% extract had the most antibacterial activity against all studied bacteria in agar wells-diffusion. Thus, this level only was further examined in broth media at levels (3 to 6%). In minced beef meat the used levels were (4, 5 and 6%) because the slight effects of the 3% concentration. Bacillus subtilis was found to be the most sensitive bacteria to sumac extract showing a MIC of 3.5%. Both S. typhimarium and E. coli were coming at the second rank with 4% while St. aureus ranked the last with MIC of 4.5%. In addition, the sumac extract inhibitor activity against all studied bacteria was better than thyme extract in broth media. In minced beef meat samples, both thyme and sumac water extracts were effect on all studied bacteria during storage period.
So that, thyme and sumac spices, which are traditionally used as astringent agents, have promising inhibitory effects against pathogenic bacteria and could be considered as natural food preservatives.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42478_2df9c5f8a75ddef2708de2f771a84347.pdf
2013-01-01
23
35
10.21608/jpd.2013.42478
Antimicrobial
Spices
DPPH
minced beef meat
thyme and sumac
Faten
Ibrahim
1
* Food Industries Dept., Fac. of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Shady
El-Shehawy
2
Biology Dept., College of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, KSA.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
EFFECT OF HORMONAL TREATMENT ON RABBITS OVARIANS RESPONSE, NORMAL EMBRYOS PRODUCTION AND IN VITRO EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT POST-THAWING
The effect of eCG dose injection on rabbits ovarian response, normal embryos production and in vitro survival of embryos after vitrification -thawing were examined. Forty-one of multiparous New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits (12 month of age, 3.87±0.16 kg average body weight) were used as embryo donors, allotted in three groups. Does of the 1st group (n= 21) were injected intramuscularly with 20 µg GnRH/doe for induction of ovulation and artificial insemination (control). Embryo donors in the 2nd and 3rd groups (n= 10/group) were administered intramuscularly with 20 or 40 eCG IU/kg live weight (superovulation), 68 h before artificial insemination. Immediately prior to insemination, the does were injected intravenously with hCG at 40 IU/kg live weight. All does were slaughtered at 48-50 h after insemination. Embryos were recovered, counted and evaluated for their stage of development, morphological appearance then vitrified. Post 48 h storage in liquid nitrogan (LN2) at -196 0C, embryos were thawed and cultured in vitro with Ham's F10 medium supplemented with 20% FCS for two days.
Results showed that donors treated with 20 or 40 IU eCG/kg live weight produced significantly (P<0.01) more CLs, haemorrhagic follicles and yielded three to four folds embryos/doe when compared with GnRH (control group). Embryos recovered from does treated with GnRH (control group) reflected a higher fertilization rate (96.6%) than those recovered from does treated with 20 (89.4%) or 40 (84.1%) IU eCG/kg live weight. The percentage of morphological normal embryos recovered from donors injected with 20 or 40 IU eCG/kg live weight (84.9 or 77.0%) was significantly (P<0.05) lower than that obtained from the normally ovulated does (97.4%).Donors treated with 40 IU eCG/kg live weight retard the rate of embryonic development and reduced their diameters more than those injected with 20 IU eCG/kg live weight compared to GnRH (control group). In 40 IU eCG treated donors-vitrified embryos group, only 61 from 147 embryo vitrified-thaw reached blastocysts (41.5%), whereas 112/186 (60.2%) in 20 IU eCG treated does compared to 74/111 (66.7%) in control group. The present study demonstrates that doe rabbits treated with 20 IU eCG/kg live weight provides superior embryos survival rates than those treated with 40 IU eCG/kg live weight for rabbit embryos production manipulation studiesand gene bank.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42479_3f1e84d80365cb13dd196b44d5fe90ec.pdf
2013-01-01
37
46
10.21608/jpd.2013.42479
Hormonal Treatments
Ovarian Response
Rabbit Embryos
Vitrification
Samia
Meshreky
samia_meshreky2010@hotmail.com
1
Animal Production Research Institute, Dokki, ARC, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hasan
Aboul-Ela
2
Animal Production Research Institutes, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Geza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Hoda
Shabaan
3
Animal Production Research Institutes, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Geza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Samya
Ibrahim
4
Animal Production Research Institutes, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Geza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
EFFECT OF INDOL ACETIC ACID AND INDOL BUTRIC ACID ON THE YIELD AND BIOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF CORN GRAINS.
A field experiment was conducted at Ghazala farm to study the effect of indol acetic acid (IAA) and indol butric acid (IBA) on the yield and some biochemical constituents in corn grains.
The results of this study can be summarized as following:-
All treatments increased the grain yield of corn, but using a mixture of both hormones is more effective than the use of a single one. Spraying IAA or IBA had an increase on non-soluble nitrogen fraction, but the soluble nitrogen was decreased. The highest increase of total and insoluble carbohydrates were recorded at 50 and 100 ppm IBA. All treatments decreased the percentage of oil in corn grains when was the mixture of 50 ppm IAA and IBA. The total free amino acids were slightly decreased by the used IBA treatments, whereas, the second level of IAA and a mixture of 50 ppm IAA. +50 IBA caused an increase of total amino acids in corn grains. Both IAA or IBA decreased the P and K content of corn grains, especially when, IBA applied.
In conclusion, spraying corn plants with a mixture of (IAA) and (IBA) increase the yield, soluble ,insoluble nitrogen and slightly increase the total contents of amino acids, but decrease total content of carbohydrate, the percentage of oil contents. Also the net result recorded that spraying corn plants with 50, 100 ppm (IAA) increased yield, total nitrogen content, total carbohydrate content, total amino acid content in case of spray[ng by100 ppm ,but decease the total content of oils, while in case spraying by of 50 ,100 ppm ( IBA) will increase yield, nitrogen contents, total carbohydrates, but decrease the total amino, and oil contents. All treatment application decreased (P) and (k) contents.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42480_ebe18157d49ed45496ea34bd33585c86.pdf
2013-01-01
47
56
10.21608/jpd.2013.42480
Indol acetic acid
indol butric acid
yield & biochemical constituents
corn grains
Abd el aziz
Sharaf
1
Department of Soil and Water, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Zagazig. Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Refat
Saber
2
Department of Soil and Water, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Zagazig. Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
EFFECT OF INFESTATION WITH TWO SCALE INSECTS ON THE CONTENT, FRUIT CHARACTERS AND YIELD OF THE FLOWERS OIL OF SOUR ORANGE.
This work was carried out to investigate the effect of infestation with two diaspid, Florida red scale, Chrysomphalus aonidum (L.) and Black parlatoria scale, Parlatoria ziziphi (Lucas) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) flowers oil content, fruit characters and yield of sour orange at Kafr EL-Sohaby, Qalubyia Governorate during 2008/09 and 2009/10 seasons. A delay was observed in inflorescence emergence date between uninfested and infested ones over the two seasons. Mean reduction of infestation with C. aonidum and P. ziziphi of inflorescences per meter (67, 75.5 %), flowers yield (72.75, 84.85 %), and flowers' volatile oil content (35.25, 69.4 %), in 2008 - 09 & 2009 -10 seasons, respectively. The reduction of the volatile oil, (physical and chemical properties) and the main components of the volatile oil of sour orange. The results showed an increment in the reduction percentage of the volatile oil content and effect on the physical and chemical properties of volatile oil. In the same trend the main components percentage in the volatile oil were affected of the deferent types of the scale insects specially linalool and linalyl acetate. There were a heavy loss of yield per tree (39.49, 41.07 %), due to infestation by C. aonidum and P. ziziphi, respectively. While it was a low decreasing as a result of infestation by C. aonidum and P. ziziphi in fruit weight (2.58, 2.74 %), however height of fruit (3.83, 3.7 %) and diameter of fruit (3.21, 3.34 %) over the two seasons respectively. On the other hand, there were a low loss due to infestation of C. aonidum and a heavy decrease in infestation of P. ziziphi. In fruit juice acidity (3.54, 10. 45 %), percent of protein (4.48, 14.15 %), percent of total sugars (4.45, 18.15 %) and percent of vitamin C (4.45, 7.24 %) in 2009 and 2010 seasons, respectively.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42545_7bbf907edd55acb94ec77c7b7a383b9e.pdf
2013-01-01
101
114
10.21608/jpd.2013.42545
Infestation
scale insects
fruit characters and yield
flowers oil
Sour orange
Gamal el din
Mohamed
1
Plant Protection Research Institute, (A.R.C.), Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hosam wl din
Mehasen
2
Horticulture Research Institute, (A.R.C.), MAPs Department, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
INTERACTION EFFECTS BETWEEN DIETARY VITAMIN E SUPPLEMENTATION AND ENDOGENOUS ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES OF DIFFERENT RABBIT GENETIC RESOURCES ON SOME GROWTH PERFORMANCE, VITAMIN E CONTENTS AND OXIDATIVE STABILITY DURING SUMMER SEASON
The current study was initiated to explore the effect of the relationship between dietary vitamin E at levels; 40 (control), 80, or 120 mg/kg diet, and male and female of two rabbit breeds (exotic; V-line vs. native; Gabali) and their respective effect on some growth performance, carcass traits, and α-tocopherol contents and the activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase; GSH-Px, superoxide dismutase; SOD, and catalase; CAT), lipid oxidative stability (TBARS) of the hind legs' muscle kept frozen (30 or 60 days at -20ºC). One hundred-fifty-six week old rabbits of both genotypes (allocated for each vitamin E level and sex (13 male or 12 female rabbits)), were distributed among the 12 experimental treatments. At the end of experiment, 36 samples from hind legs' muscle (3 animals/ dietary vitamin E levels/ breed/ sex) were used in the study of meat quality traits.
Results indicate that the estimated THI values were 30.66, 29.32 and 30.21 during the experimental period (June, July and August) with average 30.063, these values indicating exposure of rabbits to severe heat stress. Body weight at 16 weeks of age, daily weight gain, the best feed conversion ratio, slaughter weight and hot carcass weight tended to increase significantly (P˂0.001) with increasing dietary vitamin E levels. Increase in dietary vitamin E was associated with a linear increase in α-tocopherol content of the muscle, delayed lipid oxidation (19.36 or 43.17 vs.57.43±0.468 ng/g in 120 or 80 vs. 40 mg vitamin E/kg diet supplemental groups) and increase in antioxidants' enzymes activity. Positive correlations between α-tocopherol deposited in muscle and GSH-Px and CAT activities (r= 0.229 and 0.278; P<0.05) and SOD activities (r= 0.186) were found. However, negative correlations were observed between TBARS and GSH-Px, SOD (r= -0.199, -0.129) and CAT activities (r= -0.232; P<0.05).
The rabbits genotype (V-line vs. Gabali breed) had no significant effect on some growth performance, however, V-line rabbits had significantly higher slaughter weight, hot carcass and dressing percentage, but lower plasma α-tocopherol levels compared to the Gabali rabbits. V-line breed had higher significantly (P<0.0179) α-tocopherol content (1.667 vs. 1.537±0.046 µg/g) in muscle and lipid oxidative stability (39.52 vs. 40.64±0.382; P<0.0681), however, lower GSH-Px and CAT activities as compared to Gabali breed.
Male rabbits had significantly higher daily weight gain, better feed conversion ratio value and insignificantly highest in dressing percentage than female rabbits. Significant difference between the male and female rabbit in against oxidation in frozen meat samples (38.48 vs. 41.5±0.382 ng/g). Male rabbits have lower endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities than the female. Prolonged storage decreased (P˂0.0001) α-tocopherol content of the hind legs' muscles, the activities of endogenous antioxidants' enzymes and lipid oxidative stability.
Conclusively, adding a high level of vitamin E (120 mg/kg diet) to alleviate some of the impact of heat stress on different genotype rabbits, extra supplemental vitamin E, rabbit genotype and sex have a clear effect on meat quality as it increased the α-tocopherol content and lipid oxidative stability of the meat, during summer season.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42550_359d1918b11215f4e64e99f467781daf.pdf
2013-01-01
57
75
10.21608/jpd.2013.42550
growing rabbit
Vitamin E
genotype
Antioxidant enzymes
oxidative stability
summer months heat stress
Samia
Meshreky
samia_meshreky2010@hotmail.com
1
Animal Production Research Institute, Dokki, ARC, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mervat
Arafa
2
Animal Production Research Institute, Dokki, ARC, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Salah
Gad Alla
3
Animal Production Research Institute, Dokki, ARC, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Hasan
Aboul-Ela
4
Samya E. Ibrahim and Abo-Warda M.A. Animal Production Research Institute, Dokki, ARC, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Samya
Ibrahim
5
Animal Production Research Institute, Dokki, ARC, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Abo-Warda
6
Animal Production Research Institute, Dokki, ARC, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON Catharanthus sp. CULTIVARS USING CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT AND PEROXIDASE ISOZYME
Three Egyptian Catharanthus cultivars belong to family apocyanaceae {Roseus, Ocellatus and Albus} as well as calli were derived from leaf explant for each and grown on MS supplemented with 1mg/l NAA and 1 mg/l BA, were studied using chlorophyll contents and peroxidase isozyme . According to the contents of chlorophyll a, b and the total chlorophyll, Roseus, and Ocellatus cultivars' chlorophyll contents were more closely related to each other, but distantly related to Albus cultivar. The total chlorophyll contents were 22.86, 22.08 and 30.51 for Roseus and Ocellatus and Albus cultivars, respectively. Peroxidase isozyme study, exhibited five bands in shoots of the three cultivars, Two bands migrated towards the anode (Pex-A1 and Pex-A2) while the other three bands migrated towards the cathode (Pex-C1, Pex-C2 and Pex-C3). Peroxidase isozyme in the callus samples showed the absence of Pex A1 and Pex A2 bands in Ocellatus cultivar, and the absence of Pex A1, Pex A2 and Pex C3 in Albus cultivar but not in Roseus one where the all 5 bands were exist .No differences between cultivars were resulted when shoot samples.
Conclusively, it could be concluded that chlorophyll contents and isozyme analysis could be considered as a useful tool for cultivar identification because it is reliable, rapid and can provide identification at some stages in plant life cycle. Isozyme technique can be used to identify the desired genotypes and to exclude the cultivars before establishing; it may also serve to identify the more active cultivar, which is essential for biotechnological programmes.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42552_41e0bc95d1d5d8186b003c2050468e3d.pdf
2013-01-01
77
84
10.21608/jpd.2013.42552
Catharanthus
peroxidase
isozymes
Chlorophyll
Ibrahim
Ibrahim
mostaw100@yahoo.com
1
Plant Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology ,Research Institute (GEBRI), Sadat City, Minufiya University , Egypt.
AUTHOR
Alaa El din
Hemeida
2
Bioinformatic Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Research Institute Minufiya University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Ama
.Hussain
3
Bioinformatic Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Research Institute Minufiya University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Metwally
Bekhit
4
Plant Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology ,Research Institute (GEBRI), Sadat City, Minufiya University , Egypt.
AUTHOR
Amal
Zweil
5
Plant Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology ,Research Institute (GEBRI), Sadat City, Minufiya University , Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
STUDIES OF SOME FACTORS AFFECTING POST-HARVEST TREATMENTS ON SPEARMINT
This study was during the years 2009/2010- 2010/2011 in order to assess the best way to harvest, the best method for drying, packaging and also for drying and the impact on microbial load and content of volatile oil and the percentage of the active ingredients in mint oil in Spearmint. The results showed that the best way to harvest is to harvest using sterile gloves so that the herb is traded total in clean plastic boxes. The results also confirmed that the best method for drying was solar drying and the best type of containers during storage was carton boxes packaging. On the other hand results showed that the volatile oil had less increase of active ingredients in the herb, the more storage period and also turns out that there is a steady increase in the rate of microbial load in the grass stock up storage period. Conclusively, from the previous study showed a decrease in the percentage of essential oil and its components, as well as, increase microbial load with increasing storage period.
https://jpd.journals.ekb.eg/article_42554_30f0edfeba0948f58f07f4660eacd382.pdf
2013-01-01
85
100
10.21608/jpd.2013.42554
Postharvest
Spearmint
Quality.Harvesting
Solar
Hossam
Mehasen
1
MAPs Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abeer
Kassem
2
MAPs Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mai
Mohsen
3
MAPs Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR