Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient ProductivityJournal of Productivity and Development1110-254322120170101THE COMPETITIVENESS OF EGYPTIAN ORANGE EXPORTS IN THE GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL (GCC) (CASE STUDY ON THE MARKETS OF SAUDI ARABIA AND KUWAIT)1104170210.21608/jpd.2017.41702ENIbrahim IsmailDepartment of Economics and agricultural extension, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EgyptFekry El DesokyDepartment of Economics and agricultural extension, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EgyptMohamed ElhedenyDepartment of Economics and agricultural extension, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EgyptJournal Article20160905<em>This research aimed to measure the competitiveness of Egyptian orange exports to the Saudi Arabian and the Kuwaiti markets. </em><em>The research used the descriptive and quantitative analysis tools that lead to achieving the goal of the research, which utilized some competitive measurable indicators such as market share, geographic concentration, the concentration of commodity for both markets.</em><br /> <strong><em>The results showed</em></strong><em> decline in the proportion of exports of Egyptian orange for both markets to drop from 3.44% for the Kuwaiti market and 23.28% of the Saudi market in 2009, reaching the order 2.28%, 18.22 for the two markets, respectively, in 2015, an average of 2.52%, 21.01% for the two markets, respectively, during the period of 2009 - 15.</em><em>The results of the general time trend also showed demand for Egyptian orange dropped in both markets, while increasing the value of imports of orange to both markets during the study period.</em><br /> <em>The results of the indicators to the high market share of Egyptian oranges in the Saudi market accounting for 52.01%, more than half of the Saudi market size, but for the Kuwaiti market represents the market share by the order of 34.3%, meaning that the Saudi market occupies first place for exports of Egyptian orange during the period 2009- 15</em><strong><em> . </em></strong><em>By studying the geographical concentration of the Egyptian agricultural exports to the Gulf countries it was found that high up to the order almost half of the Gulf market increased by 49.02%, as well as the concentration of commodity to occupy Egyptian orange by 84.4% of the total GCC and occupies Saudi Arabia 3.10%, Kuwait 0.4%, this shows that the diversity of goods received for both markets thus, the study recommends the following:</em><br /> <em>1.</em><em>The need to pay attention to these markets, and work to increase its agricultural exports, especially the Saudi market.</em><br /> <em>2.</em><em>The need to restore the geographical distribution of Egyptian orange exports in the markets of the Gulf countries in order to achieve maximize the return of exports</em><em>.</em><br /> <br /> Attention to the standard of quality specifications, and dates of export, the items sought to ensure the continuation of the exported quantities and work to increase it.<br /> <br /> <strong> </strong><br /> <em> </em>Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient ProductivityJournal of Productivity and Development1110-254322120170101GROWTH PERFORMANCE, CARCASS TRAITS AND BLOOD CONSTITUENTS OF WEANED NEW ZEALAND WHITE RABBITS AS AFFECTED BY INCLUSION DIETARY Moringa oleifera LEAF MEAL (MOLM) IN THEIR RATION.11284170310.21608/jpd.2017.41703ENAhmed GoomaAnimal & Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EgyptAly RashwanAnimal & Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EgyptMostafa TawfeekAnimal & Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EgyptJournal Article20160910<em>The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of replacement 20% of the total amount of the soybean meal (SBM) in the ration (equal 3.6%) with (5.2%) </em><em>Moringa </em><em>oleifera leaf meal, (MOLM) on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality and blood constituents of growing New Zealand White</em> <em>(NZW) rabbits from 5 to 12weeks of age. A total 40 growing NZW rabbits 5 weeks aged and a body weight of 565±5 g and was divided to two experimental groups (20 rabbits in each group has been deployed to five replicates by 4 rabbits in each). The first group, fed the basal ration (zero% MOLM) a served as control, the second group fed diet contained 5.2% MOLM (replaced instead of 3.2% SBM, which represent 20% of the used total amount of SBM in the ration). Ration was iso - caloric and protein. </em><br /> <em>Results were discussed and the most important results have summarized as follows: there is no differences in the final weight and weight gain of the rabbits at 12<sup>th</sup> week of age. The Results of carcass traits showed absence of significant differences in the weight of each of the blood, fur, kidneys, liver, heart, head, and the spleen between the two experimental groups. Also no significant differences were recorded for the meat components (moisture, protein, fat, fiber and carbohydrates) between the two groups. As well as there were no significant differences in the assessment of blood constituents, whether for rabbits fed moringa or control group in each of total protein, albumin, globulin, GPT, GOT, creatinine, uric acid, glucose, hemoglobin, red blood cells, white blood cells, blood platelets. No Specific direction was observed to distinguish any of the two groups, </em><em>The obtained results showed that the highest economic efficiency was (88.28%) for the second group which fed diet contained 3.2% MOLM, while, the first group (control) was (81.47%) respectively.</em><br /> <strong><em>Conclusively,</em></strong><em>it can be concluded that, Moringa</em><em> Leaf Meal (MLM) can be used safely in feeding NZW rabbits to alternate a part of rabbit food (Soybean meal) with untraditional food in Egypt such as (Moringa oleifera Leaf Meal) without any adverse effect on the growing, slaughter test, meat quality and blood characteristics.</em><br /> Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient ProductivityJournal of Productivity and Development1110-254322120170101ESTIMATE GENE ACTION FOR GRAIN YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN SOME BREAD WHEAT CROSSES29384170510.21608/jpd.2017.41705ENRagab NadaDepartment of Plant Production, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Egypt.El Sayed HassanDepartment of Plant Production, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Egypt.Aly HassanDepartment of Plant Production, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Egypt.Abd El Hamid SalemDepartment of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt.Journal Article20160915<em>A 6 x 6 half diallel was conducted at the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Egypt., during the two successive growing seasons 2013/2014 and 2014/2015. The fifteen crosses along with their parental genotypes (Gemmeiza 11 (P1), Sids 12 (P2), Giza 168 (P3), Sahel 1 (P4), Line 18 (P5) and Line 26 (P6)), were evaluated to estimate gene action <em>effects</em> for grain yield and its components.</em><em>Mean performance of wheat parental genotypes and their F<sub>1</sub> crosses for grain yield and its components exhibited significant differences for all studied characters. The parental genotypes Gemmeiza 11, Sahel 1 and Giza 168 gave the highest productivity for grain yield/fad. Regarding the F<sub>1</sub> crosses</em><em> (P3×P5), (P2×P3), (P1×P2) and (P1×P6), they </em><em>gave the highest productivity for grain yield/fad. On the other hand, the parental genotypes Line 18 (P5) and Line 26 (P6) and F<sub>1</sub> crosses (P1 × P3) and (P2 × P4) exhibited the lowest values in grain yield/fad. </em><em> </em><br /> <strong><em>The results showed that</em></strong><em>significant values of additive (D) and dominance (H<sub>1</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>) for</em><em> all </em><em>characters</em><em>, except 1000-grain weight and </em><em>grain yield/</em><em>fad., </em><em>revealing the importance of both additive and non-additive gene action in the inheritance</em><em>.</em><br /> <em>The dominance genetic effects (H<sub>1</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>) were more than the additive gene effects (D)</em><em>, </em><em>for</em><em>number of spike</em><em>s</em><em>/plant,</em><em>spike grain weight (gm.),</em><em> grain yield/plant</em><em>and grain yield/</em><em>fad., showing that these characters were controlled by dominance gene action and could be improved through hybrid breeding method.</em><em> But </em><em>the additive gene effects (D) were more than non-additive gene effects (H<sub>1</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>) for </em><em>number of spikelets/spike, number of grain</em><em>s</em><em>/</em><em>s</em><em>pike and 1000-grain weight, </em><em>showing that these </em><em>characters</em><em> is controlled by additive gene action in these </em><em>characters.</em><em> Narrow sense heritability estimates were </em><em>high for number of spikelets/spike (61.256 %) and </em><em>number of grains/spike (56.584 %).</em><br /> Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient ProductivityJournal of Productivity and Development1110-254322120170101CHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON AQUEOUSEXTRACT OF MORINGA LEAVES AND ITS EFFECT ON FRUIT JUICE39634170610.21608/jpd.2017.41706ENAbd El Gwad El ShwafDepartment of Food and Dairy Science Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, EgyptAshraf El-zainy-Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Specific Education, Mansoura University, EgyptFatma El-Zamzamy-Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Specific Education, Mansoura University, EgyptNabila AwadDepartment of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Specific Education, Mansoura University, EgyptJournal Article20161005<em>The aim of this investigation is to study the effect of Moringa aqueous (MA) leaves extract addition to fresh fruit juices (</em><em>pomegranate, strawberry, cantaloupe and</em><em> white guava</em><em>) on chemical, microbiological, physical and sensory properties. Moringa aqueous extract has high functional value for its high content of total carotenoids, vitamins; phenolic compounds and mineral s</em><em>how ever fruits have high sensory properties compared to moringa</em><em>.</em><em> Fresh fruit juices (guava - pomegranate - cantaloupe - strawberry) and </em><em>MA extract</em><em> were mixed in equal proportions of 1:1. Chemical and microbial properties of drinks were evaluated.</em>
<strong><em>Results revealed that</em></strong><em> high moisture content was for cantaloupe (89.84%),followed by pomegranate juice (87.91(%, while </em><em>Moringa aqueous extract</em><em> recorded the lowest value (85.01%) after the addition of </em><em>aqueous extract</em><em> of moringa to juice ratio of 1: 1 increased moisture of pomegranate juice + </em><em>MA extract</em><em> (93.34%), followed by cantaloupe + </em><em>Moringa aqueous extract</em><em>(92.05%), while </em><em>MA extract</em><em> less content of moisture (85.01%).Total Sugar in pomegranate juice (9.57%), guava (9.42%), while dry </em><em>MA extract</em><em> (4.95%), whereas when adding of </em><em>MA extract</em><em> have a ratio of 1: 1 record </em><em>MA extract</em><em>+ pomegranate juice (8.02%)</em><em>,</em><em>guava juice + </em><em>MA extract</em><em>(7.91%), and the lowest value (4.95%) to </em><em>MA extract</em><em>. Minerals in juices increased after the addition of </em><em>MA extract</em><em> have a ratio of 1: 1 for example, calcium to pomegranate juice (20 mg / 100g), guava (17 mg / 100 g), while after the addition of </em><em>MA extract</em><em>, ratio of 1: 1 record pomegranate juice + </em><em>MA extract</em><em> (25.51 mg / 100g), guava juice + </em><em>MA extract</em><em> (29.05 mg / 100g), and ratio increased for potassium, magnesium, iron and Zinc. high proportion of antioxidants juice increased after adding moringa ratio of 1: 1 ratio of carotenoids of guava juice (21.74mg / 100 g), cantaloupe juice (20.20mg / 100g), strawberry juice (20.08 mg / 100 g), while adding </em><em>MA extract</em><em> ratio of 1: 1 ratio of carotenoids: guava juice + </em><em>MA extract</em><em>(25.43 mg / 100 gm ), strawberry juice + </em><em>MA extract</em><em>(24.12 mg / 100g).</em>
<em>Sensory evaluation increased susceptibility to </em><em>MA extract</em><em> after adding juice ratio of 1: 1 </em><em>MA extract</em><em>(84.68%), strawberry juice + </em><em>MA extract</em><em> (90.5%), cantaloupe juice +</em><em>MA extract</em><em> (89.82%), and pomegranate juice + </em><em>MA</em><em> (89.43%) guava juice + </em><em>MA extract</em><em> (87.34%).</em>
<em>Microbial</em><em> evaluation indicated a decline in microbial count of bacteria, mould and yeast in the moringa fruit </em><em>aqueous extract</em><em> during storage period of 15 days in refrigerator.</em>
<strong><em>Conclusively, </em></strong><em>from obtained results, it can strengthen the Moringa </em><em>aqueous extract with fruit juices to raise the nutritional value and as an antioxidant and antimicrobial (as a natural preservative).</em>
<strong> </strong>Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient ProductivityJournal of Productivity and Development1110-254322120170101RESIDUES OF LAMBDA-CYHALOTHRIN INSECTICIDE AND ITS BIOCHEMICAL EFFECTS ON SWEET PEPPER FRUITS65814170710.21608/jpd.2017.41707ENAly ShalabyPlant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, EgyptJournal Article20161010<em>Field studies on residues and dissipation of lambda-cyhalothrin in green pepper fruits were conducted during 2016. Residues were quantified at different harvest intervals of (2h), 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 day after insecticide application. Persistence, dissipation, half-life value and safe harvest interval of the insecticide in green pepper were calculated. Results revealed that, loss percentages of initial deposits were higher in sweet pepper fruits than leaves. The half-life (t<sub>½</sub>) values of lambda-cyhalothrin 2.68 and 3.45 in green pepper fruits and leaves, respectively. </em>
<em>Data indicated that pepper fruits could be consumed safely after 6 days of treatment with lambda-cyhalothrin. The</em><em>pre harvest interval (PHI) value was reduced to two hours after spraying with washing the fruits with 1% sodium carbonate or frying the fruits in boiling oil when comparing with the</em><em>maximum residue limit (MRL) (0.01 mg/kg). While pickling process was, however, don’t alter this value. Lambda –cyhalothrin residues significantly decreased the levels of the all tested quality parameters (total soluble sugar, glucose, acidity, total soluble solids, ascorbic acid, β-carotene, and protein) in pepper fruits throughout the experiment with the exception that the dry matter. Lambda -cyhalothrin residues were significantly reduced the levels of N %, P %, K %, iron mg/kg, manganese mg/kg, calcium % and zinc %.</em>
<strong><em>Conclusively</em></strong><em>, results clearly revealed that the</em><em>PHI value (6 days) was reduced to two hours after spraying with washing the fruits with 1% sodium carbonate or frying the fruits. Lambda -cyhalothrin residues were significantly reduced the levels of some quality parameters and elements. </em>
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient ProductivityJournal of Productivity and Development1110-2543221201701013-D STRUCTURE PREDICTION AND ANALYSIS OF THE P7-TRANSACTIVATED PROTEIN1OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS831024170810.21608/jpd.2017.41708ENMahmoud El HefnawiInformatics and Systems Department, Division of Engineering Research Sciences, the National Research Centre, Egypt.Mohamed HasanBioinformatics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Sadat City University, Egypt.Amal MahmoudBioinformatics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Sadat City University, Egypt.El-Sayed El-AbsawyBioinformatics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Sadat City University, Egypt.Yahia KhderPlant Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Sadat City University, Egypt.Alaa HemeidaBioinformatics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Sadat City University, Egypt.Journal Article20161015<em>The p7-transactivated protein of Hepatitis C virus is a small integral membrane protein of 127 amino acids, which is crucial for assembly and release of infectious virions. Ab initio and comparative modelling, is an essential tool to solve the problem of protein structure prediction and to comprehend the physicochemical fundemental of how proteins fold in nature. Only one domain (1-127) of p7 had been predicted using the systematic in silico approach, Threa Dom. I-TASSERwas ranked as the best server for full-length 3-Dprotein structural predictions of p7 where the benchmarked scoring system such as C-score, TM-score, RMSD and Z-score are used to obtain quantitative assessments of the I-TASSER models. Scanning protein motif databases, along with secondary and surface accessibility predictions integrated with post translational modification sites (PTMs) prediction revealed functional and protein binding motifs. Three protein binding motifs (two Asp/Glutamnse, CTNNB1-bd_N) with high sequence conservation and two PTMs prediction: Camp_phospho_site and Myristyl site were predicted using BLOCKS and PROSITE scan. </em>
<em>These motifs and PTMs were related to the function of p7 protein in inducing ion channel/pore and release of infectious virions. Using SCOP, only one hit matched protein sequence at 71-120 andwas classified as small proteins and FYVE/PHD zinc finger super family. </em>
<em>Integrating this information about the p7protein with SCOP and CATH annotations of the templates facilitate the assignment of structure–function/ evolution relationships to known and newly determined protein structures.</em>
.Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient ProductivityJournal of Productivity and Development1110-254322120170101In Silico DISCOVERY OF NOVEL HEPATITIS C VIRUS P7-TRANSACTIVATED PROTEIN1INHIBITOR BY USING STRUCTURE-BASED VIRTUAL SCREENING1031194170910.21608/jpd.2017.41709ENMahmoud El HefnawiInformatics and Systems Department, Division of Engineering Research Sciences, the National Research Centre, Egypt
:mahef@aucegypt.eduMohamed HasanBioinformatics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Sadat City University, EgyptAmal MahmoudBioinformatics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Sadat City University, EgyptEl-Sayed El-AbsawyBioinformatics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Sadat City University, EgyptAlaa HemeidaBioinformatics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Sadat City University, EgyptYahia KhidrPlant Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Sadat City University, EgyptJournal Article20161015<em>Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection is a serious cause of chronic liver disease worldwide with more than 170 million infected individuals at a risk of developing significant morbidity and mortality. Till date there is no effective drug for the treatment or vaccine to prevent this infection. The present study aims in discovering novel inhibitors which target an allosteric binding site of P7-transactivated Protein1 of HCV. Virtual screening uses computer-based methods to discover new ligands on the basis of biological structures. A structure based virtual screening of Zinc database by computational docking and the post docking analysis of energy calculations and interactions followed by ADMET studies were conducted.</em><em> The approach adopted was receptor-based.</em>
<em> Docking screens, guided with contact pharmacophores and neural-network activity prediction models on all allosteric binding sites and MD simulations, constituted our analysis workflow for identification of potential hits. Steps included: 1) Using two phases docking screen with moe and Glide Xp programs, 2) Ranking based on scores, and important H interactions. From the final hits, we selected best 10 compounds for further anti-HCV activity and cellular cytotoxicity assay. All 10 compounds have more potential to be considered as lead compoundsto inhibit ion channel activity of p7 with docking score and binding energy (E_score) values ranging from -16.5087 to -15.8089 and all these compounds displayed no cellular cytotoxicity. Finally, 10 hit compounds of different scaffolds having interactions with important active site residues were predicted as lead candidates. These candidates having unique scaffolds have a strong likelihood to act as further starting points in the optimization and development of novel and potent p7 ion channel inhibitors.</em>
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<strong> </strong>Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient ProductivityJournal of Productivity and Development1110-254322120170101EFFECT OF FOLIAR SPRAY WITH SOME SAFETY MATERIALS ON THE PRODUCTIVITY AND STORABILITY OF STRAWBERRY FRUITS UNDER SANDY SOIL CONDITIONS1211444171110.21608/jpd.2017.41711ENManal MandourCenter Lab. Organic Agric, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20161105<em>This experiment was carried out during the two successive winter seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 at the Experimental farm of El-Kassasein, Hort. Res. Station, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt, to investigate the effect of foliar spray with chitosan (Cs), calcium chloride (</em><em>CaCl<sub>2) </sub>and potassium silicate (K<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub>) , beside of the control treatment (foliar spray with tap water) on growth, yield and storability of strawberry cv. Festival grown in sandy soil under drip irrigation system. The obtained results showed that, </em><em>sprayed strawberry plants with Cs+ K<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub></em><em> significantly increased shoot dry weight , early yield / plant and total yield, as well as TSS and vitamin C in fruits at harvested time in both growing seasons.</em>
<em> Under the storage conditions, the lowest total weight loss and decay percentages and highest values of TSS in fruits were noticed when the plants were treated with </em><em>Cs+CaCl<sub>2</sub>. While the <sub> </sub>fruit firmness had the highest values when the plants sprayed with </em><em>CaCl<sub>2</sub>+ K<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> treatment in both growing seasons. On the other hand, the maximum values of vitamin C in fruits were recorded as a result of the plants sprayed with the treatment of </em><em>Cs+ K<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub></em><em>.</em>
<strong><em>Conclusively,</em></strong><em> it could be concluded that the treatment of Cs + K<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> in most cases , being the most effective treatment for obtained highest values of shoot dry weight, early yield, total yield, TSS, firmness, vitamin C, as well as , for obtained lowest values in weight loss and decay percentages of strawberry fruits during storage periods.</em>
Zagazig University. Institute of Efficient ProductivityJournal of Productivity and Development1110-254322120170101PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION OF DATE IN EGYPT1451694171510.21608/jpd.2017.41715ENMohammed EsmaeilAgriculture Economics Department, Faculty of Agriculture., Zagazig University, Egypt.Journal Article20190721<em>The research aims to identify date palm area and the present situation of date production in Egypt. Egypt position was correlated with produced and consumed countries as well as feddan productivity and individual demand function of date. The Study showed that Arab countries area cultivated was palm date increased annually by a significant rate that reached 0.017 million feddan. Annually growing rate of date was 0.87%. And world area cultivated was palm date increased annually by a significant rate that reached 0.112 million feddan. Annually growing rate of date was 4.2%. Area cultivated was palm date of Egypt increased annually by a significant rate that reached 2.2 thousand feddan. Annually growing rate of date was 2.6%, during the period of study (2000- 2012).</em>
<em>The Study showed that Arab countriesproduction of date increased annually by a significant rate that reached 0.058 million tons. Annually growing rate of date was 1.65%. And world production of date increased annually by a significant rate that reached 0.088 million tons. Annually growing rate of date was 1.26%. Production of Egypt date increased annually by a significant rate that reached 0.028 million tons. Annually growing rate of date was 2.2%, during the period of study.</em>
<em>The study showed that the average amount of Egyptian imports of dates amounted to 1.7 thousand tons, representing about 0.24% of the average amount of world imports, and about 1.2% of the average amount of Arab imports of dates, while the average value of Egyptian imports of dates amounted to about $ 1.3 million, representing about 0.19% of the average value of world imports, and about 0.96% of the average value of Saudi imports of dates. While the average amount of Egyptian exports of dates amounted to 9.1 thousand tons, representing about 1.4% of the average amount of global exports, and about 2.4% of the average amount of Arab exports of dates, as the average Egyptian exports of dates value amounted to about 8.99 million US dollars, accounting for about 1.71% of the average value of world exports, and about 2.5% of the average Arab exports of dates value.</em>
<em>The individual functions of demand in Egypt reflect that due is one of essential goods for Egypt consumer.</em>
<em>The realistic price was about 0.08</em><em> whilethe realistic income was about</em><em>0.75</em><em>which revealed the resists' of date in Egyptian market through increasing local production on importing date considering quantity and quality.</em>
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