FIELD EVALUATION OF CERTAIN INSECTICIDES AND INSECT PATHOGEN NEMATODE AGAINST ZEUZERA PYRINA (LINNUAEUS) (LEPIDOPTERA: COSSIDAE) INFESTED OLIVE TREES IN NORTH SINAI,  EGYPT

A.A. El-Sheakh; A. Sh. Hassan; W. M. H. Desuky and H.A. Nabil

Plant Protection Research Institute, A.R.C., Dokki, Giza, Egypt

ABSTRACT

            Field experiments were conducted on Zeuzera pyrina L. infested olive trees at El-Arish, North Sinai for three successive years 2002, 2003 and 2004 to evaluate the effects of insecticides and insect pathogen against this pest. The treatments suppressed significantly the population of the pest. Cidial was effective compound against Z. pyrina where the reduction of infestation reached 76.04%, 72.66% and 72.17% during the three successive years 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively. While using amixture of Diazinon & Kaple 2 and Lebacid & Kaple 2 reduced the infestation by 77.95% and 72.75%, respectively during 2002. Reduction percentage by using insect pathogen nematodes was 100%.

Conclusively, all experiments by using different pesticides on Zeuzera pyrina L. showed that the general mean percentage of reduction with Cidial 50% E.C. alone during studying period were between 72.66 % and 72.16 %. Also, the general percentage of reduction by using insect pathogen nematodes with direct injection in tunnels by rate 3000 individual pathogen nematodes/ ml. reached 100%.

Key words: Field evaluation, insecticides, insect pathogen nematode, zeuzera pyrina (linnuaeus) (lepidoptera: cossidae), olive trees, North Sinai.

INTRODUCTION

            The leopard moth, Zeuzera pyrina L. is one of the most important pest of apple and pear orchards in Mediterranean regions and in certain countries of olive. The seriousness of the attacks varies according to the age of the plantation, on young trees one caterpillar is become extremely vulnerable to wind damage and the central axis system is permanently affected. The adults emergence and oviposition last from May to September (Deseo et al., 1984 and Deseo & Docci, 1985).

            Chemical control of Z. pyrina by insecticides or insect pathogen nematodes were studied by many investigators (Deseo et al., 1984; Deseo and Docci 1985; Abdel-Kawy et al., 1992; Tadros et al., 1993 and Saleh & Abbas, 1998).

            Therefore, this investigation was proposed aiming to study the effects of certain chemical insecticides and insect pathogen nematodes against leopard moth, Z. pyrina.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

            The study was carried out in a olive orchards (Oleae europea) (about half feddan) located at El-Arish distract for three successive years 2002, 2003 and 2004 from May to September. Sixty olive trees Varity Becual similarity in age, size and vegetation were chosen at random for control and each of the following treatments:-

1-      Cidial (phenthaote) 50 % E.C. 300 Cm³ / 100 L.

2-      Mixture of lebacid and Kaple 2, 300 cm³ / 100 L.

3-      Mixture of Cidial and Kaple 2, 300 cm³ / 100 L.

4-      Mixture of Diazenon and Kaple 2, 300 cm³ / 100 L.

5-      Direct injection in tunnel with Steinernema ridoravis, 3000 infective stages / ml.

Henderson and Tilton formula (1955), was used to calculate the percentage of reduction.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

            Data in Table 1, showed that the percentage of reduction after using different pesticides treatments were (76.04%), (77.95%) and (72.75%) for Cidial 50% E.C., Mixture of Diazenon and Kaple 2 and Mixture of lepacid and Kaple 2, respectively during the year 2002. These results were agreed with the findings of Tadros et al. (1993), who evaluated the reduction of Z. pyrina infestation in Egypt by using three methods treatments horticultural method (pruning), mechanical method (removal of larvae) and chemical method (spraying), results showed that chemical treatments reduced the infestation from 60% to 81%.

Table 1: Number of alive larvae  of  Zeuzera pyrina L. on olive trees after treatments with using different pesticides in Al-Arish district, during year (2002).

            Data in Table 2, indicated that the percentage of reduction was 100% by using insect pathogen nematodes during the year 2002. This result was agreed with those Deseo et al., (1984), who clarified that experiments with aqueous suspensions of pathogenic nematodes applied either by spraying or by impregnation of cotton wool swabs inserted into the larval tunnels gave good rates of mortality averaged from 85% – 90%.

Table 2: The average reduction of alive larvae of Zeuzera pyrina L on olive trees after treatment with insect pathogen nematodes Steinernema ridoraivs in Al-Arish district during year (2002).

            Table 3, showed that the percentage of reduction by using Cidial 50 % E.C. only, during the two successive years 2003 and 3004 were (72.66%) and (72.17%), respectively.

Conclusively,All experiments by using different pesticides on Zeuzera pyrina L. showed that the general mean percentage of reduction with Cidial 50% E.C. alone during studying period were between 72.66 % and 72.16 %. Also, the general percentage of reduction by using insect pathogen nematodes with direct injection in tunnels by rate 3000 individual pathogen nematodes/ ml. reached 100%.

Table 3: Average reduction of alive larvae of Zeuzera pyrina L on olive trees in Al-Arish district by using mineral oil alone Cidial 50% E.C. during years (2003) and (2004).

REFERENCES

Abdel-Kawy, A.G.M.; M.H. El-Bishry and T.A.H. El-Kifl (1992). Controlling leopard moth, Zeuzera pyrina by three entomopathogenic nematode species in the field. Bulletin of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Cairo, 43 (2): 769 – 780.

Deseo, K.V.; R. Docci (1985). Microbiological control against Zeuzera pyrina L. (Lepidoptera: Cossidae). La Difesa della piante, 8 (2): 285 – 291.

Deseo, K.V.; S. Grassi; F. Foschi and L. Rovesti (1984). Biological methods for the control of the leopard moth (Zeuzera pyrina L.; Lepidoptera, Cossidae). Attidella Giornate Fitopatologiche, 2 : 403 – 414.

Henderson, C.F. and T. Tilton (1955). Test with acaricide against the brown wheat mite. Journal of  Econ. Entomol., 48 : 157 – 161.

Saleh, M.M.E. and M.S.T. Abbas (1998). Suitability of certain entomopathogenic nematodes for controlling Zeuzera pyrina L. International Journal of Nematology, 8 : 126 – 130.

Tadros, A.W.; H.A. Mesbah and W.A. Shehata (1993). Horticultural, mechanical and chemical treatments for the reduction of Zeuzera pyrina L. infestation in pear orchards. Egyptian Journal of Agric. Res., 71 (7): 935 – 942.

تقییم حقلى لبعض المبیدات الحشریة والمسببات المرضیة على حفار ساق التفاح زیوزیرا بیرینا على أشجار الزیتون بمرکز العریش شمال سیناء -مصر

على عبد العزیز الشیخ – عبد المنعم شوقى حسن-وحید محمود حسین دسوقى

 - حسن أحمد نبیل

معهد بحوث وقایة النباتات - مرکز البحوث الزراعیة –  مصر

          أوضحت النتائج ان معاملة اشجار الزیتون بمبید السیدیال 50% منفرداً أعطى نسبة خفض 76.04 % و 72.66% و 72.17% أعوام 2002 ، 2003 و 2004 على التوالى للحفار ساق التفاح بینما فى عام  2002  أعطى خلیط دایزینون  مع زیت کابل و لیباسید مع زیت کابل نسبة خفض 77.95% و 72.75% على التوالی.

          أما النسبة المئویة للخفض بالمسبب المرضى للنیماتودا Steinernema ridoraivs فکانت 100 % عام 2002.