Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Fruit Diseases Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research ,9 Gamma Street, , Giza-12619, Egypt .
2
Tropical Fruits Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre,9 Gamma Street, Egypt
3
Seed Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research ,9 Gamma Street, Giza-12619, Egypt .
4
Precision Crop Production Division., Newbury. United Kingdom.
5
Post-Harvest Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research ,9 Gamma Street, , Giza-12619, Egypt.
Abstract
Powdery mildew, caused by Uncinula necator L. fungus, is one of the most important plant diseases that affect the grape crop and leads to a huge loss in the crop. Therefore, the main goal of the research was to design an integrated control program to combat the disease in addition to combating the rest of the plant diseases that appear on grapes, such as downy mildew, gray mold, and flower blight. The program was designed over 3 seasons (2022- 2024). In the first seasons,(2022), three chemical fungicides control programs (Proposed chemical control program, Mango modified chemical control program and Original chemical control program compared with general control which was untreated, all chemical control programs were depended on different chemical groups were evaluated, including preventive, curative, and systemic. The most effective and efficient chemical fungicides program in decreasing the disease, was proposed chemical, control program, which gave high efficiency in combating the powdery mildew ( 15, 18 and 21%) Powdery mildew disease severity% , and associated diseases as the percentage of disease incidence at the end of the season reached( 11,16% and 19%) fruit rot disease incidence %, ( in Flame, Superior and Thompson ,respectively ,followed by Mango Modified chemical control which decreasing either Powdery mildew disease severity (21, 28 and 33%) or associated diseases incidence % (13 , 18 and 20%) in Flame ,Superior and Thompson ,respectively, comparison with general control which gave (33,39 and 30%) , Also ,the proposed fungicides chemical control was reduced isolation frequency % of causal fruit rots Pathogens ,under specific farm condition ,comparison with control treatment. In the second and third seasons (2023 and 2024). Also, three integrated control program were been tested to companied between agricultural fertilizers and fungicide alternatives and in comparison with the control treatment. It was proven that the best results were obtained in the Proposed integrated control program, which covered 0% disease severity of powdery mildew, in addition to the fact that the percentage of other diseases at the end of the training 0.0 % followed by Mango modified integrated control program which covered ( 2.2 and 4%) disease severity of powdery mildew , in addition , 1% Fruit rot disease incidence compared to the control, which were (74 , 74 and 80 %) powdery mildew disease severity % and also 35% Botrytis fruit rot disease induce % in ( Film , Superior and Thomason ) grapes respectively.
Conclusively, the main objective of the research is to design an integrated control program to combat the powdery mildew of grape disease in addition to combating other associated diseases that appear on grapes, such as downy mildew, gray rot, and flower blight. Three integrated control programs were tested in the dormant stage to compare agricultural fertilizers and fungicide alternatives and compared with the control treatment. It was proven that the best results were obtained in the proposed integrated control program, which covered 0% of the severity of powdery mildew disease, in addition to the percentage of other diseases at the end of the experiment being 0.0%.
Keywords
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